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TN 12th Computer Applications வலையமைப்பு வடமிடல் Sample Question Papers Study Material - QB365 Set A

Published on: 02/11/2019
Applications of Integration
Download Tamil Nadu 12th Standard Maths question papers, model tests, one-mark questions, important questions, and public exam papers in PDF format. Free study materials and answer keys for TN State Board students.
Questions + Answers key
Take MCQ Maths Test1.
A watermelon has an ellipsoid shape which can be obtained by revolving an ellipse with major-axis 20 cm and minor-axis 10 cm about its major-axis. Find its volume using integration.
2.
Find the area of the region common to the circle x2 + y2 = 16 and the parabola y2 = 6x.
3.
If \(\int _{ 0 }^{ \infty }{ { e }^{ -a{ x }^{ 2 } }{ x }^{ 3 }dx=32,\alpha >0,\ find\ \alpha } \)
4.
Evaluate the following:
\(\int _{ 0 }^{ \frac { \pi }{ 2 } }{ \frac { { e }^{ -tanx } }{ { cos }^{ 6 }x } } dx\)
5.
Evaluate the following integrals using properties of integration:
\(\int _{ 0 }^{ 1 }{ \frac { log(1+x) }{ 1+{ x }^{ 2 } } } dx\)
6.
Evaluate the following integrals using properties of integration:
\(\int _{ 0 }^{ 1 }{ |5x-3|dx } \)
7.
Evaluate the following integrals using properties of integration:
\(\int _{ 0 }^{ 2\pi }{ { sin }^{ 4 }{ x\ cos }^{ 3 }xdx } \)
8.
Evaluate the following integrals as the limits of sums.
\(\int _{ 1 }^{ 2 }{( 4x^2-1)dx } \)
9.
Evaluate the following integrals as the limits of sums.
\(\int _{ 0 }^{ 1 }{ (5x+4)dx } \)
10.
Evaluate the following
\(\int _{ 0 }^{ \pi /2 }{ { sin }^{ 10 }x\quad dx } \)
11.
Evaluate the following definite integrals:
\(\int _{ 3 }^{ 4 }{ \frac { dx }{ { x }^{ 2 }-4 } } \)
12.
Find, by integration, the volume of the solid generated by revolving about the x-axis, the region enclosed by y = 2x2, y = 0 and x = 1.
13.
Evaluate the following
\(\int _{ 0 }^{ \pi /4 }{ { sin}^{ 6}2x\ dx } \)
14.
Evaluate the following integrals using properties of integration:
\(\int _{ 0 }^{ 2\pi }{ xlog\left( \frac { 3+cos\ x }{ 3-cos\ x } \right) } dx\)
15.
Evaluate the following definite integrals:
\(\int _{ -1 }^{ 1 }{ \frac { dx }{ { x }^{ 2 }+2x+5 } } \)
1.
Given 2a = 20 cm \(\Rightarrow\) a = 10 cm;
2b = 10 cm \(\Rightarrow\)a = 5 cm
\(\therefore\) Equation of the ellipse is \(\frac { { x }^{ 2 } }{ { a }^{ 2 } } +\frac { { y }^{ 2 } }{ { b }^{ 2 } } =1\)
\(\Rightarrow \frac { { x }^{ 2 } }{ 100 } +\frac { { y }^{ 2 } }{ 25 } =1\Rightarrow \frac { { y }^{ 2 } }{ 25 } =1-\frac { { x }^{ 2 } }{ 100 } =\frac { 100-{ x }^{ 2 } }{ 100 } \)
\(\Rightarrow { y }^{ 2 }=\frac { 25 }{ 100 } (100-{ x }^{ 2 })\)
\(\therefore\) Required volume \(=2\pi \int _{ 0 }^{ 10 }{ { y }^{ 2 }dx } \)
\(=2\pi \int _{ 0 }^{ 10 }{ \frac { 25 }{ 100 } (100-{ x }^{ 2 })dx=\frac { 50\pi }{ 100 } \int _{ 0 }^{ 10 }{ (100-{ x }^{ 2 })dx } } \)
\(=\frac { \pi }{ 2 } { \left[ 100x-\frac { { x }^{ 3 } }{ 3 } \right] }_{ 0 }^{ 10 }=\frac { \pi }{ 2 } \left[ 100-\frac { 1000 }{ 3 } \right] \)
\(V=\frac { \pi }{ 2 } \left( \frac { 3000-1000 }{ 3 } \right) =\frac { \pi }{ 2 } \left( \frac { 2000 }{ 3 } \right) \)
\(=\frac { 1000\pi }{ 3 } \)
2.
Equation of the given circle is x2 + y2 = 16 ...(1)
and the parabola is y2 = 6x. ...(2)
Substituting (2) in (1) we get,
x2 + 6x - 16 = 0 \(\Rightarrow\) (x + 8) (x - 2) = 0
\(\Rightarrow\) (x-4) (x-2) = 0 \(\Rightarrow\) x = 2, 4
\(\Rightarrow\) x = -8, 2
\(\therefore\) Required area = 2
\(\\ \\ \\ \\ \\ \\ \\ \int _{ 0 }^{ 2 }{ Area\ below\ the\ parabola } +\int _{ 2 }^{ 4 }{ Area\ below\ the\ circle } \)
\(=2\left[ \int _{ 0 }^{ 2 }{ \sqrt { 6x } } dx+\int _{ 2 }^{ 4 }{ \sqrt { 16-{ x }^{ 2 } } dx } \right] \)
\(=2\left[ { \left( \frac { \sqrt { 6 } .{ x }^{ \frac { 3 }{ 2 } } }{ \frac { 3 }{ 2 } } \right) }_{ 0 }^{ 2 }+{ \left( \frac { x }{ 2 } \sqrt { 16-{ x }^{ 2 } } +\frac { 16 }{ 2 } { sin }^{ -1 }\left( \frac { x }{ 4 } \right) \right) }_{ 0 }^{ 4 } \right] \)
\(=2\left[ \frac { 2 }{ 3 } \sqrt { 6. } 2\sqrt { 2 } +8{ sin }^{ -1 }\left( \frac { 1 }{ 2 } \right) \right] \)
\(=2\left[ \frac { 4\sqrt { 12 } }{ 3 } +8\left( \frac { \pi }{ 2 } \right) -\sqrt { 12 } -8\left( \frac { \pi }{ 6 } \right) \right] \)
\(=2\left[ \frac { 4\sqrt { 12 } }{ 3 } +4\pi -2\sqrt { 3 } -\frac { 4\pi }{ 3 } \right] \)
\(=2\left[ \frac { 8\sqrt { 3 } -6\sqrt { 3 } }{ 3 } +\frac { 12\pi -4\pi }{ 3 } \right] \)
\(=\left[ \frac { 2\sqrt { 3 } }{ 3 } +\frac { 8\pi }{ 3 } \right] =2\times \frac { 2 }{ 3 } \left[ \sqrt { 3 } +4\pi \right] \)
\(=\frac { 4 }{ 3 } \left[ 4\pi +\sqrt { 3 } \right] \)sq.units
3.
Given \(\int _{ 0 }^{ \infty }{ { e }^{ -a{ x }^{ 2 } }{ x }^{ 3 }dx=32,\alpha >0} \)
| x | 0 | \(\infty\) |
| t | 0 | \(\infty\) |
\(\Rightarrow \int _{ 0 }^{ \infty }{ { e }^{ { -\alpha x }^{ 2 } } } .{ x }^{ 2 }.dx=32\)
\(put\ t= { x }^{ 2 }\)
\(\Rightarrow dt=2x\ dx\)
\(\\ \Rightarrow \frac { dt }{ 2 } = xdx\)
\( \int _{ 0 }^{ \infty }{ { e }^{ -\alpha t }\frac{dt}{2}} \frac { 1 }{ 2 } \int _{ 0 }^{ \infty }{ { e }^{ -\alpha t }.tdt } \)
\( \frac { 1 }{ 2 } \times\frac{1} { \alpha}^{ 2 } \) ...... (1)
Given \(\int^x_0e^{-ax^2}x^3 dx = 32\)
By (1),
\(\Rightarrow \frac { 1! }{ { \alpha }^{ 2 } } =32\times 2\left[ \because \int _{ 0 }^{ \infty }{ { e }^{ -ax }{ x }^{ n }dx=\frac { n! }{ { a }^{ n+1 } } } \right] \)
\(\frac{1}{2}\times \frac{1}{\alpha^2}= 32 \Rightarrow \frac {1}{\alpha ^2}= 64\\ \alpha ^2 = \frac{1}{64}\)
\(\Rightarrow \alpha =\frac { 1 }{ 8 } \)
4.
\(=\int _{ 0 }^{ \pi /2 }{ { e }^{ -tan\quad x }{ sec }^{ 6 }xdx\ \left[ \because sec\ x=\frac { 1 }{ cos\quad x } \right] } \)
\(Put\quad t=tan\quad x\Rightarrow dt={ sec }^{ 2 }xdx\)
\(=\int _{ 0 }^{ \pi /2 }{ { e }^{ -tanx }{ sec }^{ 4x }{ sec }^{ 2x }dx } \)
\(=\int _{ 0 }^{ \pi /2 }{ { e }^{ -tanx }{ (1+{ tan }^{ 2 }) }^{ 2 } } { sec }^{ 2 }xdx\)
\(put\quad t=tanx\Rightarrow dt={ sec }^{ 2 }xdx\)
| x | 0 | \(\frac{\pi}{2}\) |
| t | 0 | \(\infty\) |
\(=\int _{ 0 }^{ \infty }{ { e }^{ -t }{ (1+{ t }^{ 2 }) }^{ 2 } } dt\)
\(=\int _{ 0 }^{ \infty }{ { e }^{ -t }(1+{ t }^{ 4 }+{ 2t }^{ 2 })dt } \)
\(=\int _{ 0 }^{ \infty }{ { e }^{ -t }(1)dt+\int _{ 0 }^{ \infty }{ { e }^{ -t }{ t }^{ 4 }dt+2 } } \int _{ 0 }^{ \infty }{ { e }^{ -t }{ t }^{ 2 }dt } \)
\(=0!+4!+2(2!)\left[ \because \int _{ 0 }^{ \infty }{ { e }^{ -x }{ x }^{ n }dx=n! } \right] \)
\(=1+4\times 3\times 2\times 1+2\times 2=1+24+4\)
\(\therefore I=29\)
5.
Let x = tan \(\theta \Rightarrow\)dx = sec2\(\theta d \theta\)
| x | 0 | 1 |
| \(\theta\) | 0 | \(\frac{\pi}{4}\) |
\(\therefore I=\int _{ 0 }^{ \frac { \pi }{ 4 } }{ \frac { log(1+tan\theta ) }{ { sec }^{ 2 }\theta } } { sec }^{ 2 }\theta d\theta \)
\(=\int _{ 0 }^{ \frac { \pi }{ 4 } }{ log(1+tan\theta )d\theta } \quad ...(1)\)
Using property,
\(I=\int _{ 0 }^{ \frac { \pi }{ 4 } }{ log(1+tan(\frac { \pi }{ 4 } -\theta ))d\theta } \)
\(I=\int _{ 0 }^{ \frac { \pi }{ 4 } }{ log\left( \frac { 1+tan\theta +1-tan\theta }{ 1+tan\theta } \right) } d\theta \)
\(I=\int _{ 0 }^{ \frac { \pi }{ 4 } }{ log\left( \frac { 2 }{ 1+tan\theta } \right) } d\theta \quad ..(2)\)
(1)+(2)
\(2I=\int _{ 0 }^{ \frac { \pi }{ 4 } }{ log(1+tan\theta )d\theta } +\int _{ 0 }^{ \frac { \pi }{ 4 } }{ log\left( \frac { 2 }{ 1+tan\theta } \right) } d\theta \)
\(=\int _{ 0 }^{ \frac { \pi }{ 4 } }{ log2d\theta =log2{ [\theta ] }_{ 0 }^{ \frac { \pi }{ 4 } } } \)
\(2I=log2(\frac { \pi }{ 4 } -0)=\frac { \pi }{ 4 } log2\)
\(\therefore I=\frac { \pi }{ 8 } log2\)
6.
\(=\int _{ 0 }^{ \frac { 3 }{ 5 } }{ -(5x-3)dx+\int _{ \frac { 3 }{ 5 } }^{ 1 }{ -(5x-3)dx } } \)
\(={ { \left[ 3x-\frac { { 5x }^{ 2 } }{ 2 } \right] }_{ 0 }^{ \frac { 3 }{ 5 } }+\left[ \frac { { 5x }^{ 2 } }{ 2 } -3x \right] }_{ 3 }^{ 1 }\)
\(=\frac { 9 }{ 5 } -\frac { 5 }{ 2 } \left( \frac { 9 }{ 25 } \right) -0+\frac { 5 }{ 2 } -3-\frac { 5 }{ 2 } \left( \frac { 9 }{ 25 } \right) +\frac { 9 }{ 5 } \)
\(=\frac { 9 }{ 5 } -\frac { 9 }{ 10 } +\frac { 5 }{ 2 } -3-\frac { 9 }{ 10 } +\frac { 9 }{ 5 } \)
\(=\frac { 18-9+25-30-9+18 }{ 10 } =\frac { 13 }{ 10 } \)
7.
Let \(I=\int _{ 0 }^{ 2\pi }{ { sin }^{ 4 }x{ cos }^{ 3 }xdx } \quad ...(1)\)
By the property \(\left[ \because \int _{ 0 }^{ a }{ f(x)dx=\int _{ 0 }^{ a }{ f(a-x)dx } } \right] \)
we get
\(I=\int _{ 0 }^{ 2\pi }{ { \left[ sin(2\pi -x) \right] }^{ 4 } } { \left[ cos(2\pi -x) \right] }^{ 3 }dx\)
\(=\int _{ 0 }^{ 2\pi }{ { [-sin\quad x] }^{ 4 }{ [-cos\quad x] }^{ 3 }dx } \)
\(=-\int _{ 0 }^{ 2\pi }{ { sin }^{ 4 }x{ cos }^{ 3 }xdx\quad ..(2) } \)
\(\therefore (1)+(2)\Rightarrow \)
\(2I=\int _{ 0 }^{ 2\pi }{ { sin }^{ 4 }x{ cos }^{ 3 }xdx } \)
\(-\int _{ 0 }^{ 2\pi }{ { sin }^{ 4 }x{ cos }^{ 3 }xdx=0 } \)
\(\Rightarrow I=0\)
8.
Here a = 1, b = 2,f(x) = 4x2-1
\(\therefore f(a+(b-a)\frac { r }{ n } )=f(1+1(\frac { r }{ n } ))\)
\(=f\left( 1+\frac { r }{ n } \right) \)
\(=4{ \left( 1+\frac { r }{ n } \right) }^{ 2 }-1=4\left( 1+\frac { { r }^{ 2 } }{ { n }^{ 2 } } +\frac { 2r }{ n } \right) -1\)
\(=4+\frac { { 4r }^{ 2 } }{ { n }^{ 2 } } +\frac { 8r }{ n } -1=3+\frac { { 4r }^{ 2 } }{ { n }^{ 2 } } +\frac { 8r }{ n } \)
\(\int _{ a }^{ b }{ f(x)dx= } \underset { n\rightarrow \infty }{ lim } \frac { b-a }{ n } \sum _{ r=1 }^{ n }{ f } \left( a+(b-a)\frac { r }{ n } \right) \)
\(\therefore \int _{ 1 }^{ 2 }{ ({ 4x }^{ 2 }-1)dx } =\underset { n\rightarrow \infty }{ lim } \frac { 1 }{ n } \sum _{ r=1 }^{ n }{ \left( 3+\frac { { 4r }^{ 2 } }{ { n }^{ 2 } } +\frac { 8r }{ n } \right) } \)
\(=\underset { n\rightarrow \infty }{ lim } \left[ \frac { 1 }{ n } \sum _{ r=1 }^{ n }{ 3+\frac { 1 }{ n } } \sum _{ r=1 }^{ n }{ \frac { { 4r }^{ 2 } }{ { n }^{ 2 } } } +\frac { 1 }{ n } \sum _{ r=1 }^{ n }{ \frac { 8r }{ n } } \right] \)
\(=\left[ \underset { n\rightarrow \infty }{ lim } \frac { 1 }{ n } .3n+\frac { 1 }{ n } \frac { 4 }{ { n }^{ 2 } } ({ 1 }^{ 2 }+{ 2 }^{ 2 }+...+{ n }^{ 2 })+\frac { 1 }{ n } .\frac { 8 }{ n } (1+2+3....+n) \right] \)\(=\underset { n\rightarrow \infty }{ lim } \left[ 3+\frac { 4 }{ { n }^{ 3 } } \frac { n(n+1)(2+1) }{ 6 } +\frac { 8 }{ { n }^{ 2 } } \frac { n(n+1) }{ 2 } \right] \)
\(\left[ \because \sum { r } =\frac { n(n+1) }{ 2 } \sum { { r }^{ 2 }=\frac { n(n+1)(2n+1) }{ 6 } } \right] \)
\(=\underset { n\rightarrow \infty }{ lim } \left[ 3+\frac { 4 }{ { n }^{ 3 } } \frac { { n }^{ 3 }(1+\frac { 1 }{ n } )(2+\frac { 1 }{ n } ) }{ 6 } +\frac { 8 }{ { n }^{ 2 } } \frac { { n }^{ 2 }(1+\frac { 1 }{ n } ) }{ 2 } \right] \)
\(=[3+\frac { 2 }{ 3 } (1+0)(2+0)+4(1+0)]\)
\([\because when\quad n\rightarrow \infty ,1/n\rightarrow 0]\)
\(=3+\frac { 4 }{ 3 } +4=\frac { 9+4+12 }{ 3 } =\frac { 25 }{ 3 } \)
\(\therefore \int _{ 1 }^{ 2 }{ (4{ x }^{ 2 }-1)dx=\frac { 25 }{ 3 } } \)
9.
Here a = 0, b = 1,f (x) = 5x + 4
\(\therefore f(a+(b-a)\frac { r }{ n } )=f\left( 0+1(\frac { r }{ n } ) \right) =f(\frac { r }{ n } )=5(\frac { r }{ n } )+4\)
\(\int _{ a }^{ b }{ f(x)dx } =\underset { n\rightarrow \infty }{ lim } \frac { b-a }{ n } \sum _{ r=1 }^{ n }{ f(a+(b-a)\frac { r }{ n } } \)
\(\therefore \int _{ 0 }^{ 1 }{ (5x+4)dx } =\underset { n\rightarrow \infty }{ lim } \frac { 1 }{ n } \sum _{ r=1 }^{ n }{ \left( \frac { 5r }{ n } +4 \right) } \)
\(=\underset { n\rightarrow \infty }{ lim } \left[ \frac { 1 }{ n } \sum _{ r=1 }^{ n }{ \frac { 5r }{ n } +\frac { 1 }{ n } \sum _{ r=1 }^{ n }{ 4 } } \right] \)
\(=\underset { n\rightarrow \infty }{ lim } \left[ \frac { 1 }{ n } .\frac { 5 }{ n } .(1+2+3+...+n)+\frac { 1 }{ n } .4n \right] \)
\(=\underset { n\rightarrow \infty }{ lim } \left[ \frac { 5 }{ { n }^{ 2 } } \frac { n(n+1) }{ 2 } +4 \right] \)
\([\because \sum { r=\frac { n(n+1) }{ 2 } ;\sum { { r }^{ 2 }=\frac { n(n+1)(2n+1) }{ 6 } } } ]\)
\(=\underset { n\rightarrow \infty }{ lim } \frac { 5 }{ { n }^{ 2 } } { n }^{ 2 }\frac { (1+\frac { 1 }{ n } ) }{ 2 } +4\)
\(=\frac { 5 }{ 2 } (1+0)+4=\frac { 5 }{ 2 } +4\)
\([wehen\quad n\rightarrow \infty ,1/n\quad \rightarrow 0]\)
\(=\frac { 5+8 }{ 2 } =\frac { 13 }{ 2 } \)
\(\therefore \int _{ 0 }^{ 1 }{ (5x+4)dx } =\frac { 13 }{ 2 } \)
10.
\({ I }_{ n }=\int _{ 0 }^{ \pi /2 }{ { sin }^{ n }x } =\frac { n-1 }{ n } { I }_{ n-2 },n\ge 2\)
\(Let\quad { I }_{ 10 }=\int _{ 0 }^{ \pi /2 }{ { sin }^{ 10 }xdx=\frac { 9 }{ 10 } { I }_{ 8 } } \)
\(=\frac { 9 }{ 10 } \times \frac { 7 }{ 8 } \times { I }_{ 6 }=\frac { 9 }{ 10 } \times \frac { 7 }{ 8 } \times \frac { 5 }{ 6 } \times { I }_{ 4 }\)
\(\\ =\frac { 9 }{ 10 } \times \frac { 7 }{ 8 } \times \frac { 5 }{ 6 } \times \frac { 3 }{ 4 } { I }_{ 2 }\)
\(=\frac { 9 }{ 10 } \times \frac { 7 }{ 8 } \times \frac { 5 }{ 6 } \times \frac { 3 }{ 4 } \times \frac { 1 }{ 2 } \times \frac { \pi }{ 2 } \)
\(=\frac { 315 }{ 1280 } \times \frac { \pi }{ 2 } =\frac { 63\pi }{ 256(2) } =\frac { 63\pi }{ 512 } \)
11.
\(\int _{ 3 }^{ 4 }{ \frac { dx }{ { x }^{ 2 }-4 } } \)
\(\int _{ 3 }^{ 4 }{ \frac { dx }{ { x }^{ 2 }-4 } } =\int _{ 3 }^{ 4 }{ \frac { dx }{ { x }^{ 2 }-{ 2 }^{ 2 } } } \)
\(\left[ \because \int { \frac { dx }{ { x }^{ 2 }-{ a }^{ 2 } } } =\frac { 1 }{ 2a } log\left| \frac { x-a }{ x+a } \right| +c\right] \)
\(=\frac { 1 }{ 4 } \left[ log\left( \frac { 4-2 }{ 4+2 } \right) -log\left( \frac { 3-2 }{ 3+2 } \right) \right] \)
\(=\frac { 1 }{ 4 } log\left[ \left( \frac { 2 }{ 6 } \right) - log \ \frac { 1 }{ 5 } \right] \\ =\frac { 1 }{ 4 } log\left( \frac { 1 }{ 3 } \times 5 \right) \)
\(=\frac { 1 }{ 4 } log\left( \frac { 5 }{ 3 } \right) \)
12.
Equation of the given curve is y = 2x2
Volume \(=\pi \int _{ a }^{ b }{ { y }^{ 2 }dx } \)
\(=\pi \int _{ 0 }^{ 1 }{ { (2{ x }^{ 2 }) }^{ 2 } } dx=\pi \int _{ 0 }^{ 1 }{ { 4x }^{ 4 }dx } \)
\(=4\pi { \left[ \frac { { x }^{ 5 } }{ 5 } \right] }_{ 0 }^{ 1 }=\frac { 4\pi }{ 5 } (1-0)\)
\(v=\frac { 4\pi }{ 5 } \) cubic units
13.
\(Let\quad t=2x\Rightarrow dt=2dx\Rightarrow \frac { dt }{ 2 } =dx\)
\(\therefore I=\frac { 1 }{ 2 } \int _{ 0 }^{ \frac { \pi }{ 2 } }{ { sin }^{ 6 }t\quad dt=\frac { 1 }{ 2 } { I }_{ 6 } } \)
| x | 0 | \(\frac{\pi}{4}\) |
| t | 0 | \(\frac{\pi}{t}\) |
\([\int _{ 0 }^{ \pi /2 }{ { sin }^{ n }xdx=\frac { n-1 }{ n } { I }_{ n-2 }, } n\ge 2]\)
\(\\ =\frac { 1 }{ 2 } \times \frac { 5 }{ 6 } \times \frac { 3 }{ 4 } \times \frac { 1 }{ 2 } \times \frac { \pi }{ 2 } =\frac { 5\pi }{ 64 } \)
14.
Let \(I=\int _{ 0 }^{ \pi }{ xlog\left( \frac { 3+cos\quad x }{ 3-cos\quad x } \right) \left( \frac { 3-cos\quad x }{ 3+cos\quad x } \right) dx } \quad ...(1)\)
\(I=\int _{ 0 }^{ 2\pi }{ (2\pi -x)log\left( \frac { 3+cos(2\pi -x) }{ 3-cos(2\pi -x) } \right) } dx\)
\(\left[ \because \int _{ 0 }^{ a }{ f(x)dx=\int _{ 0 }^{ a }{ (a-x)dx } } \right] \)
\(=\int _{ 0 }^{ 2\pi }{ 2\pi log\left( \frac { 3+cos\quad x }{ 3-cos\quad x } \right) dx } \)
\(-\int _{ 0 }^{ 2\pi }{ xlog\left( \frac { 3+cos\quad x }{ 3-cos\quad x } \right) dx } \)
\(\left[ \because cos(2\pi -x)=cos\quad x \right] \)
\(I=2\pi \int _{ 0 }^{ 2\pi }{ log\left( \frac { 3+cos\quad x }{ 3-cos\quad x } \right) dx-I } [using(1)]\)
\(\\ 2I=2\pi \int _{ 0 }^{ 2\pi }{ log\left( \frac { 3+cos\quad x }{ 3-cos\quad x } \right) dx } \quad \quad ...(2)\)
\(\left[ \because \int _{ 0 }^{ a }{ f(x)dx=2\int _{ 0 }^{ \frac { a }{ 2 } }{ f(x)dx\quad if(a-x)=f(x) } } \right] \)
I = 2 pi integral limit 0 to pi
\(\left[ log3+\frac { x }{ 3-x } \right] dx\)
\(\Rightarrow I=2\pi \int _{ 0 }^{ \pi }{ log\left( \frac { 3+cos(\pi -x) }{ 3-cos(\pi -x) } \right) dx } \)
\(\Rightarrow I=2\pi \int _{ 0 }^{ \pi }{ log\left( \frac { 3-cos\quad x }{ 3+cos\quad x } \right) dx...(3) } \)
\([\because cos(\pi -x)=cosx]\)
Adding (2) and (3) we get,
\(2I=\int _{ 0 }^{ \pi }{ log\left( \frac { 3+cos\quad x }{ 3-cos\quad x } \right) \left( \frac { 3-cos\quad x }{ 3+cos\quad x } \right) dx } \)
\(\Rightarrow 2\pi \int _{ 0 }^{ 2\pi }{ 0dx=0 } \)
\(\Rightarrow 2I=0\Rightarrow I=0\)
\(\therefore \int _{ 0 }^{ 2\pi }{ xlog\left( \frac { 3+cos\ x }{ 3-cos\ x } \right) dx=0 } \)
15.
\(\int _{ -1 }^{ 1 }{ \frac { dx }{ { x }^{ 2 }+2x+5 } } \)
\(=\int _{ -1 }^{ 1 }{ \frac { dx }{ { x }^{ 2 }+2x+1+4 } } =\int _{ -1 }^{ 1 }{ \frac { dx }{ { (x+1) }^{ 2 }{ 2 }^{ 2 } } } \)
\(\left[ \because \int { \frac { dx }{ { x }^{ 2 }-{ a }^{ 2 } } } =\frac { 1 }{ 2a } log\left| \frac { x-a }{ x+a } \right| \right] \)
\(={ \left[ \frac { 1 }{ 2 } { tan }^{ -1 }\left( \frac { x+1 }{ 2 } \right) \right] }_{ -1 }^{ 1 }\)
\(=\frac { 1 }{ 2 } \left[ { tan }^{ -1 }(1)-{ tan }^{ -1 }(0) \right] \)
\(\\ =\frac { 1 }{ 2 } \left[ \frac { \pi }{ 4 } \right] =\frac { \pi }{ 8 } \)
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