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TN 12th Computer Applications மின்னணு செலுத்தல் முறைகள் Sample Question Papers Study Material - QB365 Set A

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TN 12th Computer Applications மின் - வணிகம் Sample Question Papers Study Material - QB365 Set A

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TN 12th Computer Applications திறந்த மூல கருத்துருக்கள் Sample Question Papers Study Material - QB365 Set A

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12th Standard Biology English Medium Zoology - Evolution 3 Mark Book Back Question Paper and Answer Key 2022 - 2023

Published on: 26/08/2022

QB365 provides a detailed and simple solution for every Possible Book Back Questions in Class 12 Biology Subject - Zoology - Evolution, English Medium. It will help Students to get more practice questions, Students can Practice these question papers in addition to score best marks.

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Questions:

Generic 3

5 x 3 = 15

Rearrange the descent in human evolution
Austrolopithecus → Homo erectus → Homo sapiens → Ramapithecus → Homo habilis.

Who disproved Lamarck’s Theory of acquired characters? How?

How did Darwin explain fitness of organisms?

How does Hardy-Weinberg’s expression (p² + 2pq + q² = 1) explain that genetic equilibrium is maintained in a population? List any four factors that can disturb the genetic equilibrium.

Differentiate between divergent evolution and convergent evolution with one example for each.

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Answers Key:

Generic 3

5 x 3 = 15

Ramapithecus\(\rightarrow \) Austrolopithecus \(\rightarrow \) Homo habilis \(\rightarrow \) Homo sapiens

Lamarcks 'theory of acquired character's was disproved by August Weismann who conducted experiments on mice for twenty generations by cutting their tails and Weismann proved that change in the somatoplasm will not be transferred to the next generation but changes in the germplasm will be inherited.

1. Fitness according to Darwin refers ultimately and only to reproductive fitness
2. Those individuals who are better fit in an environment leave more progeny than the others the populations come to posses more fit individuals as nature selects for fitness.
3. The so called fitness is based on characteristics which are inherited hence there must be. genetic basis for getting selected and to evolve.

1. Hardy -Weinberg principle states that the allele frequencies in a population are stable and remain constant from generation to generation it is called genetic equilibrium.
2. The sum total of all the allele frequencies is one and is represented by the equation.
p²+ 2pq + q²= 1
Any change of frequency of alleles in a population in interpreted as resulting in evolution.
The factors that affect the genetic equilibrium are
1. Gene flow/migration
2. Genetic drift
3. Mutation
4. Genetic recombination

S.No	Divergent evolution	Convergent evoloution
1.	Divergent evolution is the evolutionary process in which the same structure develops in different directions in different groups of organisms as adaption to their different needs	Convergent evolution is the process in which anatomically different structures in different groups of organisms evolve towards same junctions and hence they have similarities
2.	Homologous organs are the result of divergent evolution	Analogous organs are the result of convergent evolution
3.	E.g: (i) Tendrils of Cucubits and thorns of bougainvillea	E,g (i) Sweet potato tubers (root modification) and potato tubers underground (stem modification)
4.	(ii) Fore limbs of man and the wings of birds	(ii) Flippers of penguins and those of dolphins
		(iii) Eyes of octopus and those of mammals