(i) United Nations/Electronic Data Interchange for Administration, Commerce and Transport (UN/EDIFACT) is an international EDI - standard developed under the supervision of the United Nations.
(ii) In 1987, the UN / EDIFACT syntax rules were approved as ISO: ISO9735 standard by the International Organization for Standardization.
(iii) EDIFACT includes a set of internationally agreed standards, catalogs and guidelines for electronic exchange of structured data between independent computer systems.
(iv) It is a cross-industry, standard data format of electronic data for commercial transactions.
(v) Maintenance and further development of this standard goes through the United Nations Center for Trade Facilitation and Electronic Business (UN/CEFACT), which is affiliated to the UN Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE).

(i) Information leakage
(ii) Tampering
(iii) Payment frauds
(iv) Malicious code threats
(v) Distributed denial of service attacks
(vi) Cyber squatting
(vii) Typopiracy
(viii) Hacking

Stored value card is a type of debit card that is pre-loaded with certain amount(value), with which a payment is made. It is a card that has default monetary value onto it. The card may be disposed when the value is used, or recharged to use it again. The major advantage of stored value card is that customers don't need to have a bank account to get prepaid cards. There are two varieties for stored value card.
(i) Closed loop (single purpose) Eg: Chennai metro rail travel card.
(ii) Open loop (multipurpose) Eg.: Visa gift cards.

(i) In B2B E-Commerce, commercial transactions take place between different business organizations, through the Internet.
(ii) For example, a cycle company may buy tyres from another company for their cycles.
(iii) When compared to other models, the value per transaction in B2B transaction is high, because of bulk purchases.
(iv) The company also might get the advantage of discounts on bulk purchases.
(v) Out-sourcing and Off-shoring are generally associated with B2B E-Commerce.
(vi) If a company's work is hired to another company, it WOuld be termed as out-sourcing.
(vii) If the work is outsourced to a company, which is outside its own country, it is called off-shoring

(i) Free software is a concept developed in the 1980s by an MIT computer science researcher, Richard Stallman who defined four conditions, as outlined by the nonprofit Free Software Foundation.
(ii) These "four freedoms" emphasize the ability of users to use and enjoy software as they see fit.
(iii) Freeware usually refers to proprietary software that users can download at no cost, but whose source code cannot be changed.

The four main components used in the Ethernet Cabling are
(i) Patch cable [Twisted pair]
(ii) RJ45 connector
(iii) Ethernet ports
(iv) Crimping tool

URL	Domain Name
(i) It is sequence of labels. Sequence of labels are separated by dot(.)	(i) URL is the address of a document on the Internet
(ii) Domain name is always read from the lower level to higher level (ie) From leaf node to root node.	(ii) URL is made up of four parts - protocols, hostname, folder name and file name.
(iii) Since the root node always represented  NULL string, all the domain name ending with dot.	(iii) Each part has its own specific functions.Depending on the applications, additional information can be added to the URL.

There are four total layers of TCP/IP protocol, each of which is listed below with a brief description.
(i) Network Access Layer - Concerned with building packets.
(ii) Internet Layer - describes how packets are to be delivered.
(iii) Transport Layer - ensure the proper transmission of data.
(iv) Application Layer - application network processes. These processes include File transfer Protocol (FTP), Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP), and simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP).

Artificial intelligence helps to predict traffic as it collects and analyzes data in real time.

Syntax:
mysqli_connect("Server Name","User Name","password","DB Name");
Example:

Post Method	Get Method
The input data sent to the server with POST method is stored in the request body of the client's HTTP request.	The input data sent to the server with POST method via URL address is known as query string. All input data are visible by user after they click the submit button.

1. Do whileloop always run the statement inside of the loop block at the first time execution.
2. Then it is checking the condition whether true or false.
3. It executes the loop, if the specified condition is true.
Syntax:
do
{code to executed;
}while (condition is true);

(i) In if...else if...else statements, more than one block of statement can execute based on the condition and user needs.
(ii) If we want to check for another condition in the else part, choose if... elseif ... else statement
(iii) Unlike else, it will execute that alternative expression only if the elseif conditional expression evaluates to "True value.

Array is a concept that stores more than one value of same data type in single array variable.
They are 3 types of array concepts in PHP.
(i) Indexed Arrays,
(ii) Associative Array and
(iii) Multi-Dimensional Array.
Usage of Array:
When combined with foreach statement which allows loop through an array quickly with very little code.

Basis for comparison	Server-side scripting	Client-side scripting
Basic	Works in the back end which could not be visible at the client end.	Works at the front end and script are visible among the users.
Processing	Requires server interaction	Does not need interaction with the server
Languages involved	PHP, ASP.net,Ruby on Rails, ColdFusion, Python, etcetera.	HTML, CSS, JavaScript, etc.
Affect	Could effectively customize the web pages and provide dynamic websites	Can reduce the load to the server.
Server-side scripting	Relatively secure.	Insecure

In ER Model, relationship exists between two entities. Three types of relationships are available and the Entity-Relationship (ER) diagram is based on the three types listed below
(i) One-to-One relationship: Consider two entities A and B. One-to-one (1:1) relationship is said to exist in a relational database design, if 0 or 1 instance of entity A is associated with 0 or 1 instance of entity B, and 0 or 1 instance of entity B is associated with 0 or I instance of entity A.
(ii) One-to-Many relationship: Consider two entities A and B. One-to-many (1:N) relationship is said to exist in a relational database design, for 1 instance of entity A there exists 0 or 1 or many instances of entity B, but for 1 instance of entity B there exists 0 ur 1 instance of entity A.
(iii) Many-to-Many relationship: Consider two entities A and B. many-to-many (M:N) relationship is said to exist in a relational database design, for 1 instance of entity A there exists 0 or 1 or many instances of entity B, and for 1 instance of entity B there exists 0 or 1 or many instance of entity A.

S.No	Tools	Keyboard Short Cut
1.	Pointer tool	F9
2.	Rotating Tool	Shift + F2
3.	Line tool	Shift + F3

They are explained below :
i) Text :
1. Text is the basic components of multimedia and most common ways of communicating information to other person.
2. Text component is classified into two such as (a) Static text (b) Hypertext.
ii) Images:
Images in multimedia are generated in two ways.
a) Raster or Bitmap Images
b) Vector Images.
iii) Animation :
Animation is the process of displaying still images with continuous movement. 
The two basic types of animations are (1) Path animation (2) Frame animation.
iv) Sound :
Sound is a meaningful speech in any language and providing the pleasure of music, special effects and so on.
v) Video :
1. Video is defined as the display of recorded event, scene, etc.
2. The video can be categorized in two types as (1) Analog video and (2) Digital video.