Two encryption technologies widely used:
1. Symmetric Key Encrytion
2. Asymmetric Key Encryption
Symmetric Key Encryption:
The Data Encryption Standard (DES) is a Symmetric key data encryption method. DES is the typical block alogrithm that takes a string of bits of cleartext (plaintext) with a fixed length and, through a series of complicated operations, tranforms it into another encrypted text of the same length. DES uses a key to transform so tha decipher the next by the exact key that has been used for encryption. The DEs key is apprarently 64 bits, but the alogrithm uses only 56. The other eight bits are only used to verify the parity and then it is discarded.
Asymmetic Key Encryption:
Asymmetric encryption also called as RSA (Rivest-Shamir-Adleman) alogrithm. It uses public-key authentication and digital signatures. The transmitter and receiver must have the same key. This raises the problem of key exchange and key management. Each user generates their own key pair, which cosists of a private key and a public key. A public-key encryption method is a method for converting a plaintext with a public key into a ciphertext from which the plaintext can be retrieved with a private key.

Cyber squatting is the illegal practice of registering an Internet domain name that might be wanted by another person in an intention to sell it later of a profit. It involves the registering of popular trademarks. Cyber squatters also involve in trading on the reputation and goodwill including a customer to believe that it is an official web page.

(i)It is a process of taking down an E-Commerce site by sending continuous overwhelming request to its server .
(ii) This attack will be conducted from numerous unidentified computers using botnet. This attack will slow down and make the server inoperative.
(iii) DDoS attacks is also called as network flooding.

(i) Within an E-Commerce site, there are multiple vulnerable areas that can serve as an intrusion point for a hacker to gain payment and user information.
(ii) Using malware, Cross Site Scripting or SQL Injection, an attacker will extract the credit card information and sell the acquired data on black markets.
Fraud is then committed to extract the greatest value possible through E-Commerce transactions or ATM withdrawals, etc.

Payment frauds have subsets like Friendly fraud (when customer demands false reclaim or refund), Clean fraud (when a stolen credit card is used to make a purchase) Triangulation fraud (fake online shops offering cheapest price and collect credit card data) etc.

(i) Tampering intentional modification of products in a way that would make them harmful to the consumer
(ii) E-Commerce has the problem of the authenticity and integrity of business information.
(iii) When hackers grasp the data transmitted on the network, it can be falsified in the middle through various technical means, and then sent to the destination, thereby destroying the authenticity and integrity of the data.