(i) The UTP is used nowadays as modern cables for Internet and they are lower in cost and installation and maintenance is easy compared to the coaxial cables.
(ii) STP is similar to UTP, but it is covered by an additional jacket to protect the wires from External interference.

A Registered Jack (RJ) is a network interface

Single mode ((100 Base Bx)) and Multimode((100 Base SX))

(i) The RJ-21 connector has 50 pins with 25 pins at one end and 25 pins at the other end.
(ii) It is also called as champ connector or Amphenol Connector.
(iii) Amphenol Connector is a connector manufacturer.

1. Twisted Pair Cables is type of cable with two or more insulated wires twisted together.
2. Its speed starts from 10 mbps to 100 mbps.

(i) Straight-through: The coloured wires are in the same sequence at both ends of the cable.
(ii) Cross-over: The first coloured wire at one end of the cable is the third coloured wire at the other end of the cable.
(iii) Roll-over: The coloured wires are in the opposite sequence at either end of the cable,

Computers can be connected on the network with the help of wired media such as unshielded twisted pair 
(i) Shielded Twisted pair
(ii) Co-axial cables and Optical fibre
(iii) Wireless media (Infra Red, Bluetooth, WiFi)

There are two types of fibre optic cables available.
One is single-mode and another is Multimode.
(i) Single-mode cables are used for long distance transmission and at a high cost.
(ii) Multimode cables are used for short distance transmission at a very low cost.

S.No	Serial Port	Parallel Port
1.	It transmit the data one bit at one time.	It transmit the data 8-bit at one time.
2.	Slower than the parallel port	Fast than a serial port
3.	RS232 is type of serial cable, also known as Null modem cable.	Used to connect the printer and other disk drives.

(i) If you require a cable to connect two computers or Ethernet devices directly together without a hub, then you will need to use a Crossover cable instead.
(ii) Here, the pairs of Tx and Rx lines are crossed.
(iii) It means pin 1 & 2 of the plug on one end are connected with pin 3 & 6 of the plug on other end, and vice versa (3 & 6 to pin 1 & 2).
(iv) The easiest way to make a crossover cable is to make one end to T568A colour coding and the other end to T568B.

(i) Cut the cable with desired length
(ii) Strip the insulation sheath about 1 inch from both ends of the cable and expose the twisted pair wires
(iii) After stripping the wire, untwist the smaller wires and arrange them into the proper wiring scheme, T568B preferred generally.
(iv) Bring the wires tighter together and cut them down so that they all have the same length (1/2 inch).
(v) Insert the all 8 colored wires into the eight grooves in the connector. The wires should be inserted until the plastic sheath is also inside the connector.
(vi) Use the crimping tool to lock the RJ45connector on the cable. It should be strong enough to handle manual traction. Now it is ready for data transmission.
(vii) Use a cable tester to verify the proper connectivity of the cable, if need.

There are many types of cables available in the networking
(i) Coaxial-cables:
(i) Coaxial cable is used to connect the television sets to home antennas.
(ii) It has a copper wire inside and insulation is covered on the top of the copper wire to provide protection to the cable.
(iii) It is very difficult to install and maintain, because they are too big to carry and replace.
(iv) This cable is used to transfer the information at 10 mbps speed. The cable is classified into thinnet and thicknet cables.
(ii) Twisted-Pair Cables:
(i) It is a type of cable with two or more insulated wires twisted together.
(ii) This twisted cable has 8 wires which are twisted to ignore electromagnetic interference.
(iii) There are two types of twisted pair cables, Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP) and Shielded Twisted pair (STP).
(iii) Fiber Optics:
(i) This cable is made by using strands of glass. It uses pulses of light to send the information.
(ii) They are mainly used in Wide Area Network (WAN). These cables are placed in deep underground to avoid any damage to the cables.
(iii) There are two types of fiber optic cables available, One is single-mode another one is Multimode..
(iv) USB Cables:
(i) The Universal Serial Bus are used to connect keyboard, mouse and other peripheral devices.
(ii) Micro USB is a miniaturized version of the USB used for connecting mobile devices such as smart phones, GPS devices and digital camers.
(v) Serial and parallel cables:
(i) Before Ethernet cable was invented, the Serial and Parallel interface cables were used to connect the system to-the Internet.
(ii) They were sometime used for PC to PC networking.
(iii) E.g. RS232 cable. The serial cable send I bit at time whereas the parallel port send 8 bit at a time.
(vi) Ethernet Cables:
(i) This is a type of twisted pair cable. It is the most common type of network cable mainly used for connecting the computers or devices at home or office.
(ii) This cable connects wired devices within the local area network (LAN) for sharing the resources and accessing Internet

1. The RJ45 connector is a small plastic-cup which will be used to connect the wire inside the connector and ready to connect the internet.
2. In RJ45 the "RJ" stands for the Registered Jack and the "45" stands for the number of interface standard in the cable.
3. Each RJ45 connector has eight pins and connected to each end of the Ethernet cable.
4. Since it has 8 position, 8-contact (8P8C) modular plug, it is also known as 8P8C connector.
5. These plugs (connectors) are then inserted into Ethernet port of the network card.

6. The RJ45 connector has eight small jack inside to connect eight small wires of the patch cable and these are of eight different colors.
7. Wiring schemes specifies how the wires to be connected with RJ45 connector.
8. There are 2 wiring schemes available to terminate the twisted-pair cable on each end, which are T-568A and T-568B.
9. Although 4 pairs of wires are available in the cable, Ethernet uses only 2 pairs: Orange and Green.
10. The other 2 colors (blue and brown) can be used ISDN (or) phone connections.

Registered Jacks: A Registered Jack commonly known as RJ is a network interface used for network cabling, wiring and jack construction. The primary function of the registered jack is to connect different data equipment and telecommunication devices. The commonly known registered jacks are RJ-11, RJ-45, RJ-21,and RJ-28. The registered jack refers to the male physical connector (Plug), a female physical connector (Jack) and it's wiring.
Types of Registered Jacks:
(i) RJ-11 :
It is the most popular modern form of registered jack. It is found in home and used for landline phones. There are 6 pins where the two pins give the transmission configuration, the two pins give the receiver configuration and the other two pins will be kept for reserved.
(ii) RJ-14 and RJ-61:
The RJ-14 is also used in telephone lines like RJ-11. It has 6 pins whereas the RJ-61 has 8 pins. RJ-61 uses the twisted pair cable to connect the network devices.
(iii) RJ-21:
The RJ-21 connector has 50 pins with 25 pins at one end and 25 pins at the other end. It is also called as champ connector or Amphenol connector. The Amphenol is a connector manufacturer.The RJ-21 interface is typically used for data-communication trucking applications.