Check Constraint: This constraint helps to set a limit value placed for a field. When we define a check constraint on a single column, it allows only the restricted values on that field. Example showing check constraint in the student table:
CREATE TABLE Student
(
Admno integer NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY
Name char(20) NOT NULL,
Gender char(1),
Age integer (CHECK<=19), ⟶ Check Constraint
Place char(10),
);
In the above example the check constraint is set to Age field where the value of Age must be less than or equal to 19.

(i) 2
(ii) 2
(iii) 0
(iv) 5
(v) 2
(vi) 1

(i) 0
(ii) 3
(iii) -1
(iv) 3

str1 = input ("Enter a string:")
Index=-1
while index >= -(lentstrl1)):
print ("Subscript[",index,"] :" + str1 [index])
index +=-1
Output:
Enter a string: welcome
Subscript [ -1 ] : e
Subscript [ -2 ] : m
Subscript [ -3 ] : 0
Subscript [ -4 ] : c
Subscript [ -5 ] : I
Subscript [ -6 ] : e
Subscript [ -7 ] : w

(i) Database Administrators(DBA)
(ii) Application or software developers
(iii) End User
(iv) Database designers

Program:
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
pIt.plot([1, 2, 3, 4]) ,
plt.show ( )
Output:

The Database Management System can be divided into five major components as follows:
(i) Hardware
(ii) Software
(iii) Data
(iv) Procedures / Methods
(v) Database Access Languages

# Python code to demonstrate table creation and insertions with SQL
# importing module
import sqlite3
# connecting to the database
connection = sqlite3.connect ("Academy.db")
# cursor
cursor = connection.cursor ( )

(i) Syntax - Variable-Length Arguments:
def function_name(*args):
function_body
return_statement
(ii) Example:
def printnos (*nos):
for n in nos:
print(n)
return
# now invoking theprintnos() function
print ('Printing two values')
printnos (1,2)
print ('Printing three values')
printnos (10,20,30)
Output:
Printing two values
1
2
Printing three values
10
20
30

1. It denotes class name
2. x, y is a class variables of the class
3. S is an object created to access the members of the class

class Student:
mark1, mark2, mark3 = 45, 91, 71
#class variable
​​​​​#class method
def process(self):
sum = Student.mark1 + Student.mark2 + Student.mark3
avg = sum/3
print("Total Marks = ", sum)
print("Average Marks = ", avg)
return
S=Student()
S.process()
Output:
Total marks = 207
Average Marks = 69.0

(i) CSV file - data with default delimiter comma (,)
(ii) CSV file - data with Space at the beginning
(ill) CSV file - data with quotes
(iv) CSV file - data with quotes

(i) C = A.union (B)
(ii) C = A.intersection (B)
(iii) C = A.difference (B)
(iv) C = A.symetric _ difference (B)

Output:
(i) ['T', 'N', 'M']
(ii) ['T'
(iii) Error

Dynamic programming is an algorithmic design method that can be used when the solution to a problem can be viewed as the result of a sequence of decisions. Dynamic Programming approach is similar to divide and conquer.
(i) The given problem will be divided into smaller overlapping sub-problems.
(ii) An optimum solution for the given problem can be achieved by using result of smaller sub-problem.
(iii) Dynamic algorithms uses Memoization.

The execution time that you measure in this case would depend on a number of factors such as:
(i) Speed of the machine
(ii) Compiler and other system Software tools
(iii) Operating System
(iv) Programming language used
(v) Volume of data required

(i) Python uses whitespace such as spaces and tabs to define program blocks whereas other languages like C, C++, java use curly braces { } to indicate blocks of codes for class, functions or body of the loops and block of selection command.
(ii) The number of whitespaces (spaces and tabs) in the indentation is not fixed, but all statements within the block must be indented with same amount spaces.

(1) int
(2) int
(3) input
(4) print
(5) x + y

Public members (generally methods declared in a class) are accessible from outside the class. The object of the same class is required to invoke a public method. This arrangement of private instance variables and public methods ensures the principle of data encapsulation.

(i) Data abstraction is supported by defining an abstract data type (ADT) which is a collection of constructors and selectors.
(ii) Constructors create an object, bundling together different pieces of information, while selectors extract individual pieces of information from the object.

(requires: x>= 0)
let rec even x :=
x=0II odd (x-I)
return 'even'
(requires: x > = 0)
let odd x :=
x< >0 && even (x-I)
return 'odd'