# Program to join two tuples
Tup1 = (2,4,6,8,10)
Tup2 = (1,3,5,7,9)
Tup3 = Tup1 + Tup2
print(Tup3)
Output:
(2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 1, 3, 5, 7, 9)

s = [x **2 for x in range (2,11,2)]
print (s)

Output:
(i) [1, 3, 5, 7, 9]
(ii) [2, 4, 6, 8, 10]

(i) pop() function: pope () function can also be used to delete an element using the given index value. pop () function deletes and returns the last element of a list if the index is not given
(ii) clear ( ) function: The function clear( ) is used to delete all the elements in list, it deletes only the elements and retains the list.

MySubject = ["Physics", "Chemistry", "Biology"]
i = 0
while i < len(MySubject):
print (MySubject[i])
i = i + 1

Syntax:
Variable = [element-1, element-2, element-3 ................ elernent-n]
Example:
Marks = [10,23,41,75]
Fruits = ["Apple", "Orange", "Mango",  "Banana"]
MyList = [ ]

(i) In Python, a set is another type of collection data type. A'Set is a mutable and an unordered collection of elements without duplicates.
(ii) That means the elements within a set cannot be repeated. This feature used to include membership testing and eliminating duplicate elements. 

4

A list in Python is known as a "Sequence data type" like strings. It is an ordered collection of values enclosed within square brackets [ ]. Each value of a list is called as element.

Program:To create a tuple having positive numbers.
Numbers = (5, -8, 6, 8, -4, 3, 1)
Positive = ( )
for i in Numbers:
if i > 0:
Positive += (i)
print("Positive Numbers: ", Positive)
Output:
Positive Numbers: (5, 6, 8, 3, 1)

Program:
items=[]
prod=1
for i in range(5):
print ("Enter price for item { } :
"Jormat(i+ 1))
p=int(input 0)
items.append(p)
for j in range(len(items)):
print("Price for item { } = Rs. { }"Jormat(j+ 1,items[j]))
prod = prod" items[j]
print("Sum of all prices- RS.",sum(items))
print("Product of all prices = RS.",prod)
print("Average of all prices = Rs.",sum(items)/
len(items))
Output:
Enter price for item 1 :
5
Enter price for item 2 :
10
Enter price for item 3 :
15
Enter price for item 4 :
20
Enter price for item 5 :
25
Price for item 1= Rs. 5
Price for item 2= Rs. 10
Price for item 3= Rs. 15
Price for item 4= Rs. 20
Price for item 5= Rs. 25
Sum of all prices= Rs. 75
Product of all prices= Rs. 375000
Average of all prices= Rs. 15.0

Tuple assignment is a powerful feature in Python. It allows a tuple variable on the left of the assignment operator to be assigned to the values on the right side of the assignment operator. Each value is assigned to its respective variable.

Example:
> > > (a, b, c) = (34, 90, 76)
> > > print(a.b,c)
34 90 76

country=["India", "Russia", "Srilanka", "China", "Brazil"]
is_member = input("Enter the name of the country: ")
if is_member in country:
print(is_member, " is the member of BRICS")
else:
print(is_member, " is not a member of BRICS")
Output:
Enter the name of the country: India
India is the member of BRICS
Output:
Enter the name of the country: Japan
Japan is not a member of BRICS

(i) List comprehension is a simplest way of creating sequence of elements that satisfy a certain condition.
(ii) Syntax:
List = [ expression for variable in range ]
(iii) Example: Generating squares of first 10 natural numbers using the concept of List comprehension.
> > > squares = [x ** 2 for x in range(1, 11) ]
> > > print (squares)
Output:
[1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 64, 81, 100]

Output:
(i) 12, 89, 79, 80
(ii) 12, 79, 80
(iii) []

Output:
(i) ['T', 'N', 'M']
(ii) ['T'
(iii) Error

In Python, the lists are mutable, which means they can be changed. A list element or range of elements can be changed or altered by using simple assignment operator (=).
Example:
MyList = [1,3,5,7,9]
print ("List Odd numbers ... ")
for x in MyList:
print (x)
MyList[0:5] = 2, 4, 6, 8, 10
print ("List Even numbers ... ")
for y in MyList:
print (y)

(i) i < len (list)
(ii) print
(iii) end = '\t'

(i) The len( ) function in Python is used to find the length of a list. (i.e., the number of elements in a list).
(ii) Usually, the len( ) function is used to set the upper limit in a loop to read all the elements of a list.
(iii) If a list contains another list as an element, len( ) returns that inner list as a single element.
(iv) Example: Accessing single element
> > > MySubject = ['Tamil', 'English', 'Comp', 'Science', 'Maths']
> > > len(MySubject)
4

(i) List is an ordered set of elements. But, a dictionary is a data structure that is used for matching one element (Key) with another (Value).
(ii) The index values can be used to access a particular element. But, in dictionary key represents index. Remember that, key may be a nunmber of a string.
(iii)  Lists are used to look up a value whereas a dictionary is used to take one value and look up another value.

(i) The elements of a list are changeable (mutable) whereas the elements of a tuple are unchangeable (immutable), this is the key difference between tuples and list.
(ii) The elements of a list are enclosed within square brackets[ ]. But the elements of a tuple are enclosed by parenthesis().
(iii) Iterating tuples is faster than list.

Program:
n = {5,-8, 6, 8, -4, 3, 1}
negative = 0
for i in n:
if {n < 0)
negative + = (i,)
print (negative)

(i) A function can return only one value at a time, but Python returns more than one value from a function. Python groups multiple values and returns them together.
(ii) Example: Program to return the maximum as well as minimum values in a list
def Min_Max(n):
a = max(n)
b = min(n)
return (a, b)
Num = (12, 65, 84, 1, 18, 85, 99)
(Max_Num, Min_Num) = Min_Max(Num)
print("Maximum value = ", Max_Num)
print("Minimum value = ", Min_Num)
(iii) Output:
Maximum value = 99
Minimum value = 1

(i) copy ( ): Returns a copy of the list.
Syntax: List.copy( )
Example:
MyList=[12, 12,36]
x = MyList.copy()
print(x)
Output:
[12, 12, 36]
(ii) count () : Returns the number of similar elements present in the last.
Syntax: List.count(value)
Example:
MyList=[36 ,12 ,12]
x = MyList.count(12)
print(x)
Output:
(iii) index ( ): Returns the index value of the first recurring element.
Syntax: Listindex(element)
Example:
MyList=[36 ,12 ,12]
x = MyListindex(12)
print(x)
Output:
0
(iv) reverse ( ): Reverses the order of the element in the list.
Syntax: List.reverse( )
Example:
MyList=[36, 23, 12]
MyList.reverse()
print(MyList)
Output:
[12, 23, 36]

(i) In Python, 'for loop' is used to access all the elements in a list one by one. This is just like the for keyword in other programming language such as C++.
(ii) Syntax:
for index_var in list:
print (index_var)
(iii) Here, dex_var represents the index value of each element in the list. Python reads this "for" statement like English: "For (every) element in (the list of) list and print (the name of the) list items"
(iv) Example:
Marks=[23,45, 67, 78,98]
for x in Marks:
print(x)
Output:
23
45
67
78
98
(v) In the above example, Marks list has 5 elements; each element is indexed from 0 to 4.
(vi) The Python reads the for loop and print statements like English: "For (every) element (represented as (x) in (the list of) Marks and print (the values of the) elements.

Inserting elements in a list using insert ( ) :
(i) append ( ) function in Python is used to add more elements in a list. But, it includes elements at the end of a list.
(ii) If you want to include an element at your desired position, you can use insert ( ) function. The insert ( ) function is used to insert an element at any position of a list.
Syntax :
List.insert (position index, element)
Example :
>>> MyList=[34,98,47, Kannan,Gowrisankar','Lenin', 'Sreenivasan' ]
>>> print(MyList)
[34, 98, 47, 'Kannan', 'Gowrisankar', 'Lenin', 'Sreenivasan']
>>> MyList.insert(3, 'Ramakrishnan')
>>> print(MyList)
[34, 98, 47, 'Ramakrishnan', 'Kannan', 'Gowrisankar, 'Lenin', 'Sreenivasan']
Output : [34, 98, 47, 'Ramakrishnan', 'Kannan', 'Gowrisankar', 'Lenin', 'Sreenivasan']
(i) In the above cxample, insert( ) function inserts a new element 'Ramakrishnan' at the index value 3, ie. at the 4th position.
(ii) While inserting a new element in between the existing elements, at a particular location, the existing elements shifts one position to the right.