John Maynard Keynes and Harry Dexter Whiteare the “founding fathers” of both the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund (IMF) which came as an outcome of Brettenwoods conference.

i) Structural adjustment facility provides additional balance of payments assistance on concessional terms.
ii) It is provided to the poorer member nations to undertake strong macro economic and structural programmer.

i) IBRD is (International Bank for Reconstruction and Development) otherwise called as 'The World Bank'.
ii) It was established in 1945 under the Bretton Woods conference in 1944.

i) The SDR (Special Drawing Right) was created for supplementary 'The World Reserve Currency (asset).
ii) Create global liquidity.

The main achievements of IMF are,
i) Establishment of Monetary reserve fund.
ii) Monetary discipline and cooperation.

i) IMF promote International Monetary Co-operation among the member nations.
ii) It facilitate faster and balanced growth of international trade.

John Maynard Keynes and Harry Dexter White were the intellectual founding fathers of IMF and World Bank.

i) To ensure reduction of tariff and other barriers.
ii) To eliminate discrimination in trade.

Objective of the World Bank:
(i) Reconstruction and Development.
(ii) Encouragement to capital investment.
(iii) Encouragement to international trade.
(iv) Time economy.
(v) Environmental protection.

(i) Administering WTO trade agreements.
(ii) Forum for trade negotiations.
(iii) Handling trade disputes
(iv) Monitoring national trade policies.

i) The Multi Fibre Agreement governed the world trade in textile and garments since 1974.
ii) It imposed quotas on export of textiles by developing nations to the developed countries.

(i) TRIMS (Trade Related Investment Measures) are related to conditions or restrictions in respect of foreign investment in the country
(ii) It calls for introducing equal treatment for foreign companies on par with national companies.

i) The WTO was established in 1995 as a successor to the GATT.
ii) It is a new international organization set up as a permanent body.
iii) It is designed to play the role of watch dog in the spheres of trade in goods and service foreign investment and intellectual property rights.

IMF functions are,
i) Exchange stability
ii) Facilitate international trade.
iii) Foster sustainable economic growth.
iv) BIO crisis Assistance

i) The IMF was established to assist the member nations to tide over the balance of payment disequilibrium in the short term.
ii) The IMF has 189 member countries with Republic of Nauru joined in 2016