Common features: Fertilization (Syngamy) is absent in both apomixis and parthenocarpy.
Contrast features: Parthenocarpic fruits does not develop seeds, whereas in apomixis seeds are developed.

Production of colored and scented flowers are to attract pollinating agents. Whereas wind acts as a pollinating agent for anemophilous flowers. Hence it is unnecessary to produce coloured and scented flowers.

The mature dicot embryo has a radicle, two cotyledons and a plumule.

The primary endosperm nucleus (PEN) divides immediately after fertilization but before the zygote starts to divide, into an endosperm. The primary endosperm nucleus is the result of triple fusion (two polar nuclei and one sperm nucleus) and thus has 3n number of chromosomes. It is a nutritive tissue and regulatory structure that nourishes the developing embryo. Depending upon the mode of development three types of endosperm are recognized in angiosperms. They are nuclear endosperm, cellular endosperm and helobial endosperm.

(i) Tissue culture can be carried out in any season to produce plants.
(ii) Plants which do not produce viable seeds and seeds that are difficult to germinate can he propagated by tissue culture.
(iii) Cells can be genetically modified and transformed using tissue culture.