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12th Standard English Medium Biology (Zoology) Subject Molecular Genetics Creative 3 Mark Questions with Solution Part - I

Published on: 21/06/2021

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Std: 12th Standard - Biology

chapter: - Creative Questions

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Questions:

Generic 3

5 x 3 = 15

Complete the molecular processes by naming them
(a) DNA ⟶DNA (b) mRNA ⟶Protein (c) RNA transcript ⟶ mRNA

A DNA fragment possesses 32 adenine bases and 32 cytosine bases. How many total number of nucleotides does that DNA fragment contains? Explain.

A mRNA strand has a series of triplet codons of which the first three codons are given below
(a) AUG (b) UUU (c) UGC
(i) Name the amino acid encoded by these triplet codons.
(ii)Mention the DNA sequence from which these triplet codons would have transcribed?

List any two applications of DNA finger printing.

State one gene one enzyme hypothesis

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Answers Key:

Generic 3

5 x 3 = 15

(a) Replication (b) Translation (c) Splicing

128 nucleotides. Adenine always pair Thymine base.
If there are 32 adenine bases then there must be 32 Thymine bases. Similarly cytosine pairs with guanine. If cytosine bases are 32 in number the guanine bases will be equal to cytosine. So it make a total of 128 nucleotides.

(i) AUG codes for Methionine
UUU codes for Phenylalanine
UGC codes for Cysteine
(ii) TAC sequence of DNA is transcribed to AUG
AAA sequence of DNA is transcribed to UUU
ACG sequence of DNA is transcribed to UGC

(I) Forensic analysis - It can be used in the identification of a person involved in criminal activities, for settling paternity of maternity disputes, and in determining relationships for immigration purposes.
(II) Pedigree analysis - inheritance pattern of genes through generations and for detecting inherited diseases.

The experiments of George Beadle and Edward Tatum in the early 1940's on Neurospora crassa (the red bread mould) led them to propose one gene-one enzyme hypothesis, which states that one gene controls the production of one enzyme. This is called one gene one enzyme hypothesis.