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Published on: 13/05/2022
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Questions + Answers key
Take MCQ Biology Test1.
2.
What is Lyonisation?
3.
Distinguish between heterogametic and homogametic sex determination systems
4.
What is haplodiploidy?
5.
Why are sex linked recessive characters more common in the male human beings?
1.
2.
The inactivation of an X chromosome one of the two X chromosomes in every cell in some female mammal is randomly inactivated early in embryonic development and named after geneticist Mary Lyon.
The inactive X chromosome is silenced by it being packaged in such a way that it has a transcriptionally inactive structure called heterochromatin found in nucleoplasm of nucleus.
3.
| Heterogametic sex determination | Homogametic sex determination |
| Produces identical gametes (produces one type of gamete) | Produces two different gametes |
| Two sex chromosomes of the organism are same (XX) (Females) | Two sex chromosomes of the organism are different (XY) (Males) |
4.
Haplodiploidy is a sex determination system in which males develop from unfertilized eggs are haploid, and female develops from fertilized egg and is diploid.
It is sometimes called arrhenotoky.
e.g., Honeybees, ants, and wasps.
5.
1. The X chromosome which is common to male and female carries a number of genes. Such genes are called sex linked genes and the characters controlled by them are termed as sex-linked characters. The inheritance of sex linked genes or traits is known as sex linked inheritance.
2. Sex linked inherited traits are more common in males than females, because males are hemizygous (XY) and therefore express that traits when they inherit one mutant allele.
3. Any male receiving X linked recessive allele from his mother will express the trait as his y chromosome has no corresponding allele.
4. If a recessive X linked gene causes disorder then more males than females have the disorder because the disorder is caused by a single allele in males. Their y chromosome does not carry any corresponding allele. So that sex linked recessive characters are mole in moles.
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