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Published on: 23/06/2021
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1.
The probability distribution of a random variable X is
| X | 1 | 2 | 4 | 2A | 3A | 5A |
| P(X) | \(\frac{1}{2}\) | \(\frac{1}{5}\) | \(\frac{3}{25}\) | \(\frac{1}{10}\) | \(\frac{1}{25}\) | \(\frac{1}{25}\) |
Calculate
(i) A if E(X) = 2.94
(ii) V(X)
2.
The random variable X tan take only the values 0,1,2. Given that P(X = 0) = P(X = 1) = P and E(X2) = E(X), find the value of p.
3.
The probability distribution of the discrete random variables X and Y are given below
| X | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| P(X) | \(\frac{1}{5}\) | \(\frac{2}{5}\) | \(\frac{1}{5}\) | \(\frac{1}{5}\) |
| Y | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| P(Y) | \(\frac{1}{5}\) | \(\frac{3}{10}\) | \(\frac{2}{5}\) | \(\frac{1}{10}\) |
Prove that E(Y2) = 2E(X).
4.
The probability distribution of a random variation X is given below.
| X | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
| P(X) | 0.1 | 0.25 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.15 |
Find
(i) V(X)
ii) V\((\frac{X}{2})\)
5.
A discrete random variable X has the following probability distribution.
| x | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 |
| P(X) | c | 2c | 2c | 3c | c2 | 2c2 | 7c2+c |
Find the value of e. Also, find the mean of the distribution.
1.
E(X) = Σxi2pi
\(\Rightarrow E(X)=1(\frac { 1 }{ 2 } )+2\left( \frac { 1 }{ 5 } \right) +4\left( \frac { 3 }{ 25 } \right) +2A\left( \frac { 1 }{ 10 } \right) +3A\left( \frac { 1 }{ 25 } \right) +5A\left( \frac { 1 }{ 25 } \right) \)
\(\Rightarrow \frac { 1 }{ 2 } +\frac { 2 }{ 5 } +\frac { 12 }{ 25 } +\frac { A }{ 5 } +\frac { 3A }{ 25 } +\frac { A }{ 5 } \)
\(=\frac { 69 }{ 50 } +\frac { 13A }{ 25 } \)
Since E(X) = 2.94
\(\frac { 69 }{ 50 } +\frac { 13A }{ 25 } =2.94\Rightarrow \frac { 13A }{ 25 } =2.94-\frac { 69 }{ 50 } \)
= 2.94 - 1.38 = 1.56
\(\Rightarrow A=\frac { 1.56\times 25 }{ 13 } =\frac { 39 }{ 13 } =3\)
\(E({ X }^{ 2 })=1\left( \frac { 1 }{ 2 } \right) +4\left( \frac { 1 }{ 5 } \right) +16\left( \frac { 3 }{ 25 } \right) +{ (2A) }^{ 2 }\left( \frac { 1 }{ 10 } \right) { +(3A) }^{ 2 }\left( \frac { 1 }{ 25 } \right) +{ (5A) }^{ 2 }\left( \frac { 1 }{ 25 } \right) [\because A=3]\)
\(=\frac { 1 }{ 2 } +\frac { 4 }{ 5 } +\frac { 48 }{ 25 } +36\left( \frac { 1 }{ 10 } \right) \)
\(E({ X }^{ 2 })=\frac { 25+40+96+180+162+450 }{ 50 } \)
\(=\frac { 953 }{ 50 } =19.06\)
\(V(X)=E({ X }^{ 2 })-{ [E(X)] }^{ 2 }\)
\(=19.06-{ (2.94) }^{ 2 }[\because E(X)=2.94]\)
= 19.06 - 8.6436
V(X) = 10.4164
2.
Clearly P(X = 0) + P(X = 1) + P(X = 2)= 1
p + P + P(X = 2) =1
2p + P(X = 2) = 1
P(X = 2) = 1 - 2p
so, probability distribution of X is
| X | 0 | 1 | 2 |
| P(X) | p | p | 1-2p |
∴ E(X) = 0xp+1xp+2(1-2p)
= p+2-4p = 2-3p
and E(X2) = 0xp+1(p)+4(1-2p)
= p+4-8p = 4-7p
Since E(X2) = E(X)we get,
4-7p = 2-3p ⇒ 4-2 = -3p+7p
⇒2 = 4p ⇒ p =\(\frac{2}{4}=\frac{1}{2}\)
∴ p = \(\frac{1}{2}\)
3.
\(E(X)=0\times \frac { 1 }{ 5 } +1(\frac { 2 }{ 5 } )+2\left( \frac { 1 }{ 5 } \right) +3\times \frac { 1 }{ 5 } \)
\(=\frac { 2 }{ 5 } +\frac { 2 }{ 5 } +\frac { 3 }{ 25 } =\frac { 7 }{ 5 } \)
\(\\ \therefore 2E(X)=\frac { 14 }{ 5 } ...(1)\)
\(E({ Y }^{ 2 })=0\times \frac { 1 }{ 5 } +{ 1 }^{ 2 }(\frac { 3 }{ 10 } )+{ 2 }^{ 2 }(\frac { 2 }{ 5 } )+{ 3 }^{ 2 }(\frac { 1 }{ 10 } )\)
\(=\frac { 3 }{ 10 } +\frac { 8 }{ 5 } +\frac { 9 }{ 10 } =\frac { 3+16+9 }{ 10 } \)
\(=\frac { 28 }{ 10 } =\frac { 14 }{ 5 } ..(2)\)
From (1) and (2), E(Y2) = 2 E(X).
4.
i) E(X) = Σxipi
= 0(0.1)+1(0.25)+2(0.3)+3(0.2)+4.(0.15)
= 2.05
E(X2) = ∑xi2pi
= 0(0.1)+1(0.25)+4(0.3)+9(0.2)+16(0.15)
= 5.65
Now, V(X) = E(X2)-[E(X)]2
= 5.65 - (2.05)2 = 1.4475
ii) \(V\left( \frac { X }{ 2 } \right) =\frac { 1 }{ 4 } v(X)\quad [\because V(aX)={ a }^{ 2 }V(X)]\)
\(=\frac { 1 }{ 4 } (1.4475)\)
\(V\left( \frac { X }{ 2 } \right) =0.361875\)
5.
Since X is the random variable taking values
1, 2,....7
P(X=1)+P(X=2)+...P(X=7) = 1
⇒ c+2c+2c+3c+c2+2c2+7c2+c = 1
⇒ 10c2+ 9c +1 = 0
⇒ (c+1)(10c-1)= 0
⇒ c = \(\frac{1}{10}\)[∵ c-1 is not possible]
Now, E(X) = Σxipi
= 1(c) + 2(2c) + 3(2c) + 4(3c) + 5c2 + 12c2 + 7(7c2 + c)
= 66c2+ 30c = 66(\(\frac{1}{10}\))2 + 30(\(\frac{1}{10}\))
= \(\frac{66}{100}+3=\frac{366}{100}=3.66\)
∴ E(X) = 3.66
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