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Published on: 02/06/2021
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Questions + Answers key
Take MCQ Chemistry Test1.
Write the electronic configuration of Ce4+ and Co2+.
2.
Calculate the number of unpaired electrons in Ti3+ , Mn2+ and calculate the spin only magnetic moment.
3.
What are interstitial compounds?
4.
Actinoid contraction is greater from element to element than the lanthanoid contraction, why?
5.
Compare the ionization enthalpies of first series of the transition elements.
1.
Electronic configuration of Ce4+ = [Xe] 4f05d06s0
Electronic configuration of Co2+ = [Ar]3d7
2.
Electronic configuration of Ti = 3d24s2
Electronic configuration of Ti3+ =3d1
Hence number of unpaired electron = 1
Spin only magnetic moment \((\mu)=\sqrt{\mathrm{n}(\mathrm{n}+2)}\)
= \(\sqrt{1(1+2)} \)
= \(\sqrt{3}\)
=1.732 BM
Electronic configuration of \(\mathrm{Mn}=3 \mathrm{~d}^{5} 4 \mathrm{~s}^{2}\)
Electronic configuration of \(\mathrm{Mn}^{2+}=3 \mathrm{~d}^{5}\)
Hence number of unpaired electrons = 5
Spin only magnetic moment
\((\mu) =\sqrt{5(5+2)}\)
= 5.92 BM
3.
An interstitial compound or alloy is a compound that is formed when small atoms like hydrogen, boron, carbon or nitrogen are trapped in the interstitial holes in a metal lattice. They are usually non-stoichiometric compounds. Transition metals form a number of interstitial compounds such as TiC, ZrH1.92, Mn4N etc.
Properties of interstitial compound
(i) They are hard and show electrical and thermal conductivity.
(ii) They have high melting points higher than those of pure metals.
(iii) Transition metal hydrides are used as powerful reducing agents
(iv) Metallic carbides are chemically inert.
4.
(i) In the actinoid series, the elements have poor shielding effect when compared with lanthanide series.
(ii) Hence in the actinoid series, when atomic number increases the effective nuclear charge also increases so actinoid contraction is greater from element to element than the lanthanoid contraction.
5.
As we move from left to right in a transition metal series, the ionization enthalpy increases as expected. This is due to increase in the nuclear charge corresponding to the filling of d electrons. The increase in first ionisation enthalpy with increase in atomic number along a particular series is not regular. The added electron enters (n-1) d orbital and the inner electrons act as a shield and decrease the effect of nuclear charge on valence ns electrons. Therefore, it leads to variation in the ionization energy value.
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