A company can be called E-Business if and only if
(i) It has the ability to conduct business electronically over the Internet.
(ii) It manages payment transaction through the Internet.
(iii) It has a platform for selling products & services via the Internet.

(i) A segment is a three-character alphanumeric code.
(ii) These segments are listed in segment tables .
(iii) Segments may contain one, or several related user data elements.

(i) A hypertext is a system which consists of nodes, the text and the links between the nodes, which defines the paths the user; need to follow for the text access in non-sequential ways.
(ii) The author of the working system created this structure. The user is permitted to define their own paths in more sophisticated hypertext systems.
(iii) The user is provided with the flexibility and choice to navigate in hypertext.

The number is: 1
The number is: 2
The number is: 3
The number is: 4
The number is: 5
Program:
< ?php
＄ x = 1;
de {
echo "The number is: ＄x
";
＄x++;
} while (＄x < = 5);
? >

(i) Using computer networks, we can interact with the different people with each other at all over the world
(ii) It provides a powerful communication among widely separated employees, team, section. .
(iii)  They can easily communicate at very low cost via mobile, socialmedia, telephone, e-mail, chatting, video telephone, video conferencing, SMS,MMS, groupware etc.

Main components of RFID system
1. RFID tag: It has silicon microchip attached to a small antenna and mounted on a substrate.
2. A reader: It has a scanner with antennas to transmit and receive signals, used for communication.
3. A controller: It is the host computer with a microprocessor which receives the reader input and process the data.

User defined Functions	System define Functions
(i) Functions are provided by the user. (ie) we can create own functions.	(i) Built-in function are functions that exist in PHP installation package.
(ii) Example function insertMsg() { echo "Helo world" } insertMsg();	(ii) Example rename_function()

List of privileges available in MySQL

Privileges	Action Performed (If Granted)
Select_priv	User can select rows from database tables.
Insert_priv	User can insert rows into database tables.
Update_priv	User can update rows of database tables.
Delete_priv	User can delete rows of database tables.
Create_priv	User can create new tables in database
Alter_priv	User can make changes to the database structure.

(i) Any text (or) object that you place on the master page will appear on the entire document pages to which the master is applied.
(ii) It shortens the amount of time because you don't have to create the same objects repeatedly on subsequent pages.
(iii) Master pages commonly contain repeating logos, page numbers, headers and footers.
(iv) They also contain non-printing layout guides, such as column guides, ruler guides and margin guides.

Step 1: Login to net banking account using unique user name and password provided by the bank earlier.
Step 2: Add the beneficiary as a payee to enable transfer of fund. The following details like Account Number, Name, IFSC about the beneficiary' are to be filled in the 'Add New Payee'section.
Step 3: Once the beneficiary is added, choose RTGS/ NEFT/ IMPS as mode of Fund Transfer.
Step 4: Select the account to transfer money from, select the payee, enter the amount to be transferred and add remarks (optional).
Step 5: Click on submit.
Step 6: Enter the OTPreceivedto mobile number linked to the corresponding account to complete the transaction.

(i) Domain can consist of Alphabets a through z, and the digits 0 through 9.
(ii) Hyphens are allowed, but hyphens can not be used as first character of a domain name.
(iii) Spaces are not allowed
(iv) Special symbols (such as !, $, &, _ and so on) are not permitted .
(v) Domain names have the minimum length of 2, and the maximum length of 63 characters. The entire name may be at most 253 characters long.
(vi) Domain names are not case-sensitive. (It may be upper, lower or mixing of both case letters).

The Internet Explosion
(i) Internet is simply defined as the World Wide Web connection of individual networks which operated by academic, industry, government, and private parties.
(ii)  The Internet served to interconnect with laboratories engaged at government research, and from 1994 it is expanded to serve millions of user and a multiple purpose in all parts of this universe.
(iii) In few years, the Internet built itself as a highly powerful platform that changed their way we do business and the way we communicate. Internet promotes as the universal source of information of billions of people, at work, at home, at school. Internet gave high communication medium, has given an international, "Globalised" at all dimension of the world.
(iv) Internet is growing all the time. By two things, have marked its evolution nowadays the mobile technology and social web. These two innovations have been changed the people life style to use Internet. We may find many communities in social web. Facebook was created in 2004 but gowned into world wide network all over more than 2,230 million active users.
(v) Mobile technology on hand made possible to great reach of Internet and increase the Internet user all over the world.
(vi) The Internet allows all to be democratic in mass media. Anyone can have a webpage in
(vii) Internet with very low investment. Similarly any business can reach a very large market directly, economically and fast, no matter of location or size of their business. Almost anyone that who san read and write can have a access and a presence in World Wide Web with very low investment. People everywhere can express and publish their ideas and opinions via blogging.

Secure Electronic Transaction (SET) is a security protocol for electronic payments with credit cards, in particular via the internet.
SET system incorporates the following key features.
1. Using public key encryption and private key encryption, ensure data confidentiality.
2. Use information digest technology to ensure the integrity of information.
3. Dual signature technology to ensure the identity of both parties in the transaction.

OSS projects are collaboration opportunities that improve skills and build connections in the field.
Domains that developers can contribute to the open source community include:
1. Communication tools.
2. Distributed revision control systems.
3. Bug trackers and task lists.
4. Testing and debugging tools.
(i) There are many open source softwares. So, we can select and use any software that suits our needs.
(ii) The complete options of the software can be used without any cost and restrictions.
(iii) We can share our ideas with the team. write the required code and share it with many.
(iv) As we can identify the programming techniques of group members, we can learn many ideas and make our program writing skills more efficient.
(v) The coding in open source software are being groomed by many enthusiastical members of the groups. So, if we report problems that we have in the program they are quickly mended by the group's effort.
(vi) As we can make changes to the open source software, we can add the most required features in the software.
(vii) Many open source software are very user friendly.
 

INTERNET:
(i) The Internet is a worldwide system of computer networks- A network of networks where the users at any one computer can get information from any other computer.
(ii) The Internet is a network of global connections - comprising private, public, business, academic and government networks connected by guided, wireless and fiber-optic technologies.
(iii) The unique aim was to generate a network that would permit users of a research computer from one university to "talk to" research computers on other universities.
(iv) The Internet denotes to the global communication system, including infrastructure and hardware, whereas the web is one of the services interconnected over the Internet.
INTRANET:
(i) Intranet is a private network within an enterprise to share company data and computing resources between the employees.
(ii) It may consist of many interlinked local area networks.
(iii) It includes connections through one or more gateway (connects two networks using different protocols together known as protocol convertor) computers to outside Internet.
EXTRANET: Extranet is a private network that uses Internet technology and the public telecommunication system to securely share business information with suppliers, vendors, partners, customers, or other business.

Database Connections: Before accessing MYSQL Database, connect to Database Server machine via PHP scripting language using Mysqli_connect() Function.
Syntax:
mysqli_connect(“Server Name”,“User Name”,“Password”,“DB Name”);
This function requires four parameters to connect to database server. Database Server name, Database username, password and Database Name.
Managing Database Connections: The below code describes managing database connection methods and features.
<?php
$servername = “localhost”;
$username = “username”;
$password = “password”;
SDB_name = “School_DB”;
$conn = mysqli_connect($servername, $username, $password,$DB_name);
if(!$conn){
die(“Connection failed: “ . mysqli_connect_error( ));
}
echo “Connected successfully”;
?>
In the above code snippet, four variables are used to connect to the Database server. They are

The mysqli_connect function uses these variables and connect Database server to PHP. If connection gets fail, output will be printed with MySQL error code. Otherwise connection is success.

1. The array concepts in looping structure is used in for each loop.
2. For each loop is exclusively available in PHP. It works only with arrays.
3. The loop iteration depends on each KEY value pair in the array. In for each, loop iteration the value of the current array element is assigned to $value variable and the array pointer is shifted by one until it reaches the end of the array element.
4. For each works only on arrays and objects, and will issue an error when you try to use it on a variable with a different data type or an uninitialized variable.
Syntax:
for each ($ array as $ value)
{
code to be executed;
}
1. The for each statement is used to loop through arrays.
2. 'For each' pass the value of the current array element is assigned to $value and the array pointer is moved by one and in the next pass next element will be processed.
Example:
$array = array (1, 2, 3);
{
echo "Value is $value
";
}
?>
Output:
Value is 1
Value is 2
Value is 3

Indexed array:
An indexed array is an array that uses a numeric index to access its elements. The index is a number that starts at 0 for the first element and increases by 1 for each subsequent element.
We can create an indexed array in PHP,
(i) by enclosing a comma-separated list of values in square brackets (or)
(ii) by using the array() function.
Syntax
$array Variable=[element1, element2, element 3, ... elementN];
(or)
$arrayVariable array( element1, element2, element3.... elementN);
Examples
(a) $fruits = ['apple, "banana, 'orange'];
(b) $fruits = array('apple, "banana, 'orange');



Associative array
An associative array is a data structure that store a collection of key-value pairs. The keys are used to identify the values, and the values can be of any data type. The keys in an associative array are often called "labels" because they label or identify the corresponding values.
We can create an associative array in PHP,
(i) by enclosing a comma-separated list of key-value pairs in square brackets (or) 
(ii) by using the array() function.
Syntax

$arrayVariable [ "key1" => "value1", "key2"=>"value2", "key3"=>"value3" "key N=> "valueN" ];

Example
$student [
"Name" => "Ram",
"Age" => 25,
"Place" => "Trichy"
];

Tool	Tool Toolbox	Cursor	Use
Pointer tool			Used to select, move, and resize text objects and graphics.
Text tool			Used to type, select, and edit text.
Rotating tool			Used to select and rotate objects
Cropping tool			Used to trim imported graphics
Line tool			Used to draw straight lines in any direction
Constrained line Tool			Used to draw vertical or horizontal lines
Rectangle tool			Used to draw squares and rectangles
Rectangle frame tool			Used to create rectangular place holders for text and graphics
Ellipse tool			Used to draw circles and ellipses
Ellipse frame tool			Used to create elliptical place holders for text and graphics
Polygon tool			Used to draw polygons
Polygon frame tool			Used to create polygonal place holders for text and graphics
Hand tool			Used to scroll the page (an alternative to the scroll bar)
Zoom tool			Used to magnify or reduce an area of the page.

(i)  EDIFACT
(ii) XML
(iii)  ANSI
(iv) ASC X12

(i) Relatively small amount of data is required to represent the image and thereby only less memory is needed to store.
(ii) Compression techniques are used to reduce the file size of images that is useful for storing large number of images and speeding transmission for networked application.

There are two copies of zone files available, they are
1. Master file
2. Slave file.

Switch statements work the same as if statements but they can check for multiple values at a time

This function requires four parameters to connect to database server.

The term electronic payment refers to a payment made from one bank account to another bank account using electronic methods forgoing the direct intervention of bank employees.

A network simulator is a software program that replicates the functioning of a computer network.In simulators, the computer network is typically demonstrated with devices, traffic etc. and the performance are evaluated.

The common uses of computer network are
(i) Communication
(ii) Resource sharing
(iii) Information sharing

There are several types of conditional statements in PHP. They are
1. 'if' statement
2. 'if...else' statement
3. 'if...elseif...else' statement
4. 'switch' statement