A magnetics tripe or chip card that holds the value of money to offer as a gift by a E - business

Non-repudiation: Repudiation refers to any act of relinquishing responsibility for a message. Non-repudiation ensures that the signer who digitally signed the document cannot deny having signed it. The digitally signed documents strengthen its recipient integrity claims. Therefore, the recipient can strongly insist on the signature of the sender so as not to be easily denied at a later time.

Based on the algorithm used, it is classified into the following categories.
(i) Hash chain based micro electronic payment systems.
(ii) Hash collisions and hash sequences based micro electronic payment systems.
(iii) Shared secrete keys based micro electronic payment systems.
(iv) Probability based micro electronic payment systems.

(i) Dotcom Bubble : The Dotcom Bubble was a historic excessive growth (excessive assumption) of economy that occurred roughly between 1995 and 2000. It was also a period of extreme growth in the usage and adaptation of the Internet as well.
(ii) Dotcom Burst : The Nasdaq-Composite stock market index, fell from 5046.86 to 1114.11, This is infamously, known as the Dotcom Crash or Dotcom Burst. This began on March 11, 2000 and lasted until October 9, 2002.

SI NO	E-business	E-Commerce
1.	E-Business is the Conduct of business processes on the internet.	E-Commerce is commercial transaction through Internet
2.	E-Business is a superset of E-commerce	E-Commerce is a subset of E-business.
3.	It is used in the context of B2B transactions	It is more appropriate in the B2C context

NS2 is the abbreviation of NETWORK SIMULATOR version 2. It was considered explicitly for exploration in network communication and event-driven open-source simulator in computer.

A network simulator is a software program that replicates the functioning of a computer network.In simulators, the computer network is typically demonstrated with devices, traffic etc. and the performance are evaluated.

(i) The crimping tool is a physical tool is used to connect the patch wire and the Ethernet connector.
(ii) The crimping tool looks like a small cutting handle with two mould of Ethernet part.

The Universal Serial Bus are used to connect keyboard, mouse and other peripheral devices

Zone is a group of contiguous domains and subdomains. If the zone has a single domain, then zone and domain are the same.

(i) www.tn.gov.in
(ii) www.google.com
(iii) www.Quora.com
(iv) www.wikipedia.org

Internet Protocol (IP) address is simply the logical address in the network layer. IP address is also used to find the host system in the whole network.

i) HTTP - Hypertext Transfer Protocol
ii) HTTPS - Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure
iii) FTP - File Transfer Protocol

Intranet is a private network within an enterprise to share company data and computing resources between the employees. It may consist of many interlinked local area networks.

Features of Mobile Networks:
(i) Less consumption of power is used by mobile devices compared to a single transmitter or satellite since the cell towers are closer.
(ii) Huge capacity than a large transmitter, at single frequency can be used for different or many links as long as they are in different in cells.
(iii) As mobile phones are now heavilyused for data communication, the mobile network traffic is fully busy.

Internet is the most common resource shared everywhere.

1. The mysqli_fetch_assoc() function fetches a result row as an associative array .
2. Syntax
mysqIi_fetch_assoc(result);

EXAMPLES:
(i) SELECT * FROM Customers;
(ii) SELECT CustomerName, City FROM Customers;
(iii) SELECT * FROM Customers WHERE Country='Mexico';
(iv) SELECT * FROM Customers WHERE Country=Germany' AND City='Berlin;
(v) DELETE FROM Customers WHERE CustomerName='Alfreds Futterkiste';

(i) The MySQLi functions allows you to access MYSQL database servers.
(ii) For the MYSQL functions to be available, you must compile PHP with support for the MYSQLi extension.

Syntax:
< input type="file" name="myFile" >

Syntax:
<Input type = "text" name = "name">

(i) Form tag is used to mention a method (POST or GET) and control the entire form controls in the HTML document.
(ii) All input values are synchronized and sent to the server via POST or GET method.

Syntax of Do while loop
do
{
code to be executed;
} while (condition is true);

Syntax of 'for loop'
for (init counter; test counter; increment counter)
{
code to be executed;
}

'for loop' is called as the entry - for check loop. The for loop is used to execute a block of code a specific number of times.

(i) It is used to perform different action based on different conditions.
(ii) It works the same as if statement and it can check for multiple values at a time.

Syntax:
if (condition)
{
        //True-block;
}
else
{
        //False-block;
}

The if ... else statement is a conditional statement in PHP. It executes one block of code if a condition is true and another block of code if the condition is false.

There are several types of conditional statements in PHP. They are
1. 'if' statement
2. 'if...else' statement
3. 'if...elseif...else' statement
4. 'switch' statement

Associative arrays are a key-value pair data structure.
Syntax:
array (key⇒ value, key ⇒ value, etc);
key ⇒ Specifies the key (numeric or string)
value ⇒ Specifies the value

1. The array() function is used to create an array.
2. In PHP,there are three types of arrays:
i). Indexed arrays - Arrays with numeric index
ii). Associative arrays - Arrays with named keys
iii). Multidimensional arrays - Arrays containing one or more arrays

(i) Values can be passed from one function to another function thru parameters.
(ii) The parameter is also called as arguments, it is like variables.
(iii) The arguments are mentioned after the function name and inside of the parenthesis.

A function is a type of sub routine or procedure in a program. A function will be executed by a call to the function and the function returns any data type values or NULL. value to the called function in the part of respective program.

A server is a computer or a device that provides functionality for other programs or devices, called "clients". This architecture is called the client server model, and a single overall computation is distributed across multiple processes or devices.

(i) Yes, PHP is a case sensitive language both upper and lower case are treated differently.
(ii) Example: $x and $X are different variable names.

Google chrome, Firefox, Safari, Opera, Internet Explorer, Netscape Navigator etc.

Web scripting languages are classified into two types.
(i) Client side scripting language
(ii) Server side scripting language.

(i) PHP can be easily embed with HTML and other client side scripting language like CSS [cascading style sheets) and Java scripts.
(ii) It also creates dynamic and interactive webpages in the real time Web development projects.
(iii) It is competitor of ASP and JSP.
(iv) 78.9% of websites are developed by PHP.

S.No	SQL	MySQL
1.	SQL is a structured query language.	MySQL is a database software.
2.	SQL is used to query and operate a database system.	MySQL allows data handling, storing, modifying, deleting etc.

COMMIT Command is used to make permanent changes done by transaction.

DDL Commands :
(i) CREATE :
Syntax : CREATE database database name; 
(ii) DROP
Syntax : DROP database databasename;
DML Commands:
(i) INSERT 
Syntax: INSERT INTO table name (column 1, column 2, column 3) VALUES (value 1, value 2, value 3);
(ii) UPDATE
Syntax: UPDATE tablename
SET column 1 = "new value"
Where column2="value2";

i). Data Duplications : Same data is used be multiple resources for processing, thus created multiple copies of same data wasting the spaces.
ii). High Maintenance : Access control and verifying data consistency needs high maintenance cost.
iii). Security : Less security provided to the data.

The process of connecting text among text blocks is called threading text.

Editing means making changes to the text. Editing a text contains many tasks such as inserting and deleting words and phrases, correcting errors, moving and copying text to different places in the document.

(i) A document page is displayed within a dark border.
(ii) The area outside of the dark border is referred to as the pasteboard.
(iii) Anything that is placed completely in the pasteboard is not visible when the document is printed.
(iv) The use of pasteboard is to temporarily hold elements while designing document.

The popular DTP software are Adobe PageMaker, Adobe InDesign, QuarkXpress, etc.

It is any sort of production that user combination of text, audio and graphics to tell about something.
Eg. Educational, Sale of product etc.

Text component in multimedia can be classified as
(i) Static text. 
(ii) Hypertext.

Syntax
function functionName([parameter list])
{
// code to be executed
}

Image file formats are 
(i) TIFF - Tagged Image File Format
(ii) BMP - Bitmap
(iii) DIB - Device Independent Bitmap
(iv) GIF - Graphic Interchange Format
(v) JPEG - Joint Photographic Experts Group
(vi) TGA - Tagra
(vii) PNG - Portable Network Graphics