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Published on: 01/06/2021
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Questions + Answers key
Take MCQ Maths Test1.
Given the complex number z = 3 + 2i, represent the complex numbers z, iz, and z + iz in one Argand diagram. Show that these complex numbers form the vertices of an isosceles right triangle.
2.
Obtain the Cartesian form of the locus of z in each of the following cases.
|z| = |z - i|
3.
Find the rectangular form of the complex numbers
\(\left( cos\frac { \pi }{ 6 } +isin\frac { \pi }{ 6 } \right) \left( cos\frac { \pi }{ 12 } +isin\frac { \pi }{ 12 } \right) \)
4.
If |z| = 2 show that \(3\le \left| z+3+4i \right| \le 7\)
5.
Find the value of the real numbers x and y, if the complex number (2+i)x+(1−i)y+2i −3 and x+(−1+2i)y+1+i are equal
6.
If (x1 + iy1)(x2 + iy2)(x3 + iy3)...(xn+ iyn) = a + ib, show that
(x12 + y12)(x22 + y22)(x32 + y32)...(xn2 + yn2) = a2 + b2
7.
If z1, z2 and z3 are complex numbers such that |z1| = |z2| = |z3| = |z1+z2+z3| = 1 find the value of \(\left| \frac { 1 }{ { z }_{ 1 } } +\frac { 1 }{ z_{ 2 } } +\frac { 1 }{ { z }_{ 3 } } \right| \)
8.
Simplify the following:
i 1729
9.
If z = 2−2i, find the rotation of z by θ radians in the counter clockwise direction about the origin when \(\theta =\frac { 2\pi }{ 3 } \).
10.
Find the product \(\frac { 3 }{ 2 } \left( cos\frac { \pi }{ 3 } +isin\frac { \pi }{ 3 } \right) .6\left( cos\frac { 5\pi }{ 6 } +isin\frac { 5\pi }{ 6 } \right) \)in rectangular from
1.
Given that z = 3 + 2i.
Therefore, iz = i(3 + 2i) = −2 + 3i
z + iz = (3 + 2i) + i(3 + 2i) = 1 + 5i
Let A,B, and C be z, z + iz, and iz respectively
\({ AB }^{ 2 }={ \left| (z+iz)-z \right| }^{ 2 }={ \left| -2+3i \right| }^{ 2 }=13\)
\({ BC }^{ 2 }{ =\left| iz-(z+iz) \right| }^{ 2 }={ \left| -3-2i \right| }^{ 2 }=13\)
\({ CA }^{ 2 }={ \left| z-iz \right| }^{ 2 }={ \left| 5-i \right| }^{ 2 }=26\)
Since AB2 + BC2 = CA2 and AB = BC ΔABC is an isosceles right triangle.
2.
We have |z| - |z - i|
\(\Rightarrow\)|x + iy| = |x + iy - i|
\(\Rightarrow\) \(\sqrt { { x }^{ 2 }+{ y }^{ 2 } } =\sqrt { { x }^{ 2 }+\left( y-1 \right) ^{ 2 } } \)
\(\Rightarrow x^{2}+y^{2}=x^{2}+y^{2}-2 y+1\)
\(\Rightarrow\) 2y -1 = 0
3.
\(\left( cos\frac { \pi }{ 6 } +isin\frac { \pi }{ 6 } \right) \left( cos\frac { \pi }{ 12 } +isin\frac { \pi }{ 12 } \right) \)
[∵ (cosθ1+isinθ1)(cosθ2+isonθ2)
= cos(θ1+θ2)+isin(θ1+θ2)
= \(cos\left( \frac { 2\pi +\pi }{ 12 } \right) +isin\left( \frac { 2\pi +\pi }{ 12 } \right) \)
\(cos\left( \frac { 3\pi }{ 12 } \right) +isin\left( \frac { 3\pi }{ 12 } \right) \)
\(cos\left( \frac { \pi }{ 4 } \right) +isin\left( \frac { \pi }{ 4 } \right) \)
\(\frac { 1 }{ \sqrt { 2 } } +i\frac { 1 }{ \sqrt { 2 } } =\frac { 1 }{ \sqrt { 2 } } \)(1+i)
Aliter:
\( \left(\cos \frac{\pi}{6}+i \sin \frac{\pi}{6}\right)\left(\cos \frac{\pi}{12}+i \sin \frac{\pi}{12}\right) \)
\( =\cos \left(\frac{\pi}{6}+\frac{\pi}{12}\right)+i \sin \left(\frac{\pi}{6}+\frac{\pi}{12}\right) \)
\( =\left(\cos \frac{3 \pi}{12}+i \sin \frac{3 \pi}{12}\right) \)
\( =\cos \frac{\pi}{4}+i \sin \frac{\pi}{4} \)
\( =\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\frac{i}{\sqrt{2}}=\frac{1+i}{\sqrt{2}} \)
4.

\(\left| z+3+4i \right| \le \left| z \right| +\left| 3+4i \right| =2+5=7\)
\(\left| z+3+4i \right| \le 7\) .............. (1)
\(\left| z+3+4i \right| \ge \left| \left| z \right| -\left| 3+4i \right| \right| =\left| 2-5 \right| =3\)
\(\left| z+3+4i \right| \ge 3\) ............ (2)
From (1) and (2) we get, \(3\le \left| z+3+4i \right| \le 7\)
5.
Let z1 = (2+i)x + (1−i)y + 2i−3 = (2x+y−3) + i(x−y+ 2)and
z2 = x+(−1+2i)y+1+i = (x−y+1) + i(2y+1)
Given that z1 = z2
Therefore (2x+y−3) + i(x−y+2) = (x−y+1) + i(2y+1).
Equating real and imaginary parts separately, gives
2x+y−3 = x−y+1 \(\Rightarrow\) x+2y = 4
x−y+2 = 2y +1 \(\Rightarrow\) x−3y = −1
Solving the above equations, gives
x = 2 and y = 1.
6.
Given (x1 + iy1)(x2 + iy2) ....(xn + iyn) = a + ib
Taking modulus
|(x1+ iy1)(x2 + iy2) ....(xn + iyn)| = |a + ib|
|x1 + iy1| + |x2 + iy2|+...+ |xn + iyn| = |a + ib|
\(
\sqrt{x_{1}^{2}+y_{1}^{2}} \sqrt{x_{2}^{2}+y_{2}^{2}} \sqrt{x_{3}^{2}+y_{3}^{2}} \cdots \sqrt{x_{n}{ }^{2}+y_{n}^{2}}
=\sqrt{a^{2}+b^{2}}
\)
Squaring on both sides
\(
\left(x_{1}^{2}+\mathrm{y}_{1}^{2}\right)\left(x_{2}^{2}+\mathrm{y}_{2}^{2}\right)\left(x_{3}^{2}+\mathrm{y}_{3}^{2}\right) \ldots\left(x_{\mathrm{n}}^{2}+\mathrm{y}_{\mathrm{n}}^{2}\right)
=\mathrm{a}^{2}+\mathrm{b}^{2}
\)
Hence proved.
7.
Since,\(\left| { z }_{ 1 } \right| =\left| { z }_{ 2 } \right| =\left| { z }_{ 3 } \right| =1\)
\(\left| { z }_{ 1 } \right| ^{ 2 }=1\Rightarrow { z }\bar { { z }_{ 1 } } =1,\left| { z }_{ 2 } \right| ^{ 2 }=1\Rightarrow { z }_{ 2 }\bar { { z }_{ 2 } } =1\ \)
Therefore, \(\bar { { z }_{ 1 } } =\frac { 1 }{ { z }_{ 1 } } ,\bar { { z }_{ 2 } } =\frac { 1 }{ { z }_{ 3 } } \) and hence
\(\left| \frac { 1 }{ { z }_{ 1 } } +\frac { 1 }{ { z }_{ 2 } } +\frac { 1 }{ { z }_{ 3 } } \right| =\left| \bar { { z }_{ 1 } } +\bar { { z }_{ 2 } } +{ \bar { z } }_{ 3 } \right| \)
= \(\left| \overline { { z }_{ 1 }+\left| { z }_{ 2 }+{ z }_{ 3 } \right| } \right| ={ { z }_{ 1 }+{ z }_{ 2 }+{ z }_{ 3 } }=1\)
8.
i1729 = i1728 i1 = i
9.
\(\theta =\frac { 2\pi }{ 3 } \)
When θ = \(\frac { \pi }{ 3 } \)
Roration of z is \(ze^{ i\theta }=ze^{ i2\frac { \pi }{ 3 } }\) [using (1)]
= \(2\sqrt { 2 } e^{ -i\frac { \pi }{ 4 } }.{ e }^{ i2\frac { \pi }{ 3 } }\) [using (1)]
= \(2\sqrt { 2 } e^{ i\left( i\frac { \pi }{ 3 } -\frac { \pi }{ 4 } \right) }=2\sqrt { 2 } e^{ i5\frac { \pi }{ 12 } }\)
10.
\(\frac { 3 }{ 2 } \left( cos\frac { \pi }{ 3 } +isin\frac { \pi }{ 6 } \right) .6\left( cos\frac { 5\pi }{ 6 } +\frac { 5\pi }{ 6 } \right) \)
= \(\left( \frac { 3 }{ 2 } \right) \left( 6 \right) \left( cos\left( \frac { \pi }{ 3 } +\frac { 5\pi }{ 6 } \right) +isin\left( \frac { \pi }{ 3 } +\frac { 5\pi }{ 6 } \right) \right) \)
= \(9\left( cos\left( \frac { 7\pi }{ 6 } \right) +isin\left( \frac { 7\pi }{ 6 } \right) \right) \)
= \(9\left( cos\left( \pi +\frac { \pi }{ 6 } \right) +isin\left( \pi +\frac { \pi }{ 6 } \right) \right) \)
= \(9\left( -cos\left( \frac { \pi }{ 6 } \right) -isin\left( \frac { \pi }{ 6 } \right) \right) \)
= \(9\left( -\frac { \sqrt { 3 } }{ 2 } -\frac { i }{ 2 } \right) =\frac { 9\sqrt { 3 } }{ 2 } -\frac { 9i }{ 2 } \)
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