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Published on: 01/06/2021
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Questions + Answers key
Take MCQ Maths Test1.
Show that y = mx + \(\frac{7}{m}\), m ≠ 0 is a solution of the differential equation xy'+7\(\frac{1}{y'}\)-y = 0.
2.
Show that x2 + y2 = r2, where r is a constant, is a solution of the differential equation \(\frac { dy }{ dx } \) = -\(\frac { x }{ y } \).
3.
Find the differential equation of the family of parabolas y2 = 4ax, where a is an arbitrary constant.
4.
Determine the order and degree (if exists) of the following differential equations:
dy + (xy − cos x)dx = 0
5.
Determine the order and degree (if exists) of the following differential equations:
\(3\left( \frac { { d }^{ 2 }y }{ { dx }^{ 2 } } \right) ={ \left[ 4+{ \left( \frac { dy }{ dx } \right) }^{ 2 } \right] }^{ \frac { 3 }{ 2 } }\)
6.
Show that y = a cos bx is a solution of the differential equation \(\frac { { d }^{ 2 }y }{ { dx }^{ 2 } } +{ b }^{ 2 }y=0\).
7.
Find value of m so that the function y = emx is a solution of the given differential equation, y''− 5y' + 6y = 0
8.
Solve the following differential equations or show that the solution of
\(\\ \\ \\ \frac { dy }{ dx } =\sqrt { \frac { 1-{ y }^{ 2 } }{ 1-{ x }^{ 2 } } } \)
9.
Solve:\(\frac { dy }{ dx } \) = (3x+y+4)2.
10.
Solve the Linear differential equation:
\(\frac { dy }{ dx } =\frac { { sin }^{ 2 }x }{ 1+{ x }^{ 3 } } -\frac { { 3x }^{ 2 } }{ 1+{ x }^{ 3 } } y\)
1.
The given function is y mx +\(\frac{7}{m}\), where m is an arbitrary constant ....(1)
Differentiating both sides of equation (1) with respect to x, we get y' = m.
Substituting the values of y' and y in the given differential equation
we get xy'\(\frac{1}{y'}\)-y = xm +\(\frac{7}{m}\)- mx -\(\frac{7}{m}\) = 0
Therefore, the given function is a solution of the differential equation xy' + 7\(\frac{1}{y'}\) - y = 0
2.
Given that x2 + y2 = r2, r∈R ...(1)
The given equation contains exactly one arbitrary constant.
So, we have to differentiate the given equation once. Differentiate (1) with respect to x, we get
2x +2y\(\frac{dy}{dx}\) = 0 which implies \(\frac{dy}{dx}\) = \(-\frac{x}{y}\)
Thus, x2 + y2 = r2 satisfies the differential equation \(\frac { dy }{ dx } \) = -\(\frac { x }{ y } \).
Hence, x2 + y2 = r2 is a solution of the differential equation \(\frac { dy }{ dx } \) = -\(\frac { x }{ y } \).
3.
The equation of the family of parabolas is given by y2 ax = 4, a is an arbitrary constant. ... (1)
Differentiating both sides of (1) with respect to x , we get 2y\(\frac{dy}{dx}=4a\Rightarrow a=\frac{y}{2}\frac{dy}{dx}\)
Substituting the value of a in (1) and simplifying, we get \(\frac{dy}{dx}=\frac{y}{2x}\) as the required differential equation.
4.
dy + (xy − cos x)dx = 0 is a first order differential equation with degree 1
since the equation can be rewritten as
\(\frac{dy}{dx}\) + xy - cos x = 0
5.
The given differential equation is \(3\left( \frac { { d }^{ 2 }y }{ { dx }^{ 2 } } \right) ={ \left[ 4+{ \left( \frac { dy }{ dx } \right) }^{ 2 } \right] }^{ \frac { 3 }{ 2 } }\)Squaring both sides, we get
\(9{ \left( \frac { { d }^{ 2 }y }{ { dx }^{ 2 } } \right) }^{ 2 }={ \left[ 4+{ \left( \frac { dy }{ dx } \right) }^{ 2 } \right] }^{ 3 }\)
In this equation, the highest order derivative is \(\frac { { d }^{ 2 }y }{ { dx }^{ 2 } } \) whose power is 2.
Therefore, the given differential equation is of order 2 and degree 2.
6.
Given y = a cos bx ...(1)
Differentiating equation (1) w.r.t 'x', we get
\(\frac{d y}{d x}=\mathrm{a}(-\sin \mathrm{b} x) \mathrm{b}=-\mathrm{ab} \sin \mathrm{b} x\)
Again differentiating, we get
\(\frac{d^2 y}{d x^2} =-\mathrm{ab} \cos \mathrm{b} x \cdot \mathrm{b}
\)
\(\frac{d^2 y}{d x^2} =-\mathrm{ab}^2 \cos \mathrm{b} x=-\mathrm{b}^2(\mathrm{a} \cos \mathrm{b} x)
\)
\(\frac{d^2 y}{d x^2} =-\mathrm{b}^2 \mathrm{y}
\)
\(\frac{d^2 y}{d x^2}+\mathrm{b}^2 \mathrm{y} =0\)
Therefore, y = a cos bx is a solution of the differential equation \(\frac { { d }^{ 2 }y }{ { dx }^{ 2 } } +{ b }^{ 2 }y=0\)
7.
y''− 5y' + 6y = 0 ......(1)
Given y = emx .....(2)
Differentiating cquation (2) w.r.t 'x', we get
\(\frac{dy}{dx} = em^x . m\)
To find the value of m:
Given y" - 5y' + 6y = 0
emx . m2 -5emx+ 6emx = 0
emx [m- 5m +6] = 0
m - 5m + 6 = 0
(m - 3) (m - 2) = 0
m = 3, 2
8.
Separating the variables we get,
\(\frac { dy }{ \sqrt { 1-{ y }^{ 2 } } } \frac { dx }{ \sqrt { 1-{ x }^{ 2 } } } \)
Taking Integration on both sides, we get
\(\int \frac{d y}{\sqrt{1-y^{2}}}=\int \frac{d x}{\sqrt{1-x^{2}}}\)
sin-1y = sin-1 x + c
9.
To solve the given differential equation, we make the substitution 3x + y + 4 = z.
Differentiating with respect to x, we get \(\frac { dy }{ dx } =\frac { dz }{ dx } \)-3.
So the given differential equation becomes \(\frac { dz }{ dx } \) = z2+ 3.
In this equation variables are separable. So, separating the variables and integrating, we get the general solution of the given differential equation as \(\frac { 1 }{ \sqrt { 3 } } { tan }^{ -1 }\left( \frac { 3x+y+4 }{ \sqrt { 3 } } \right) =x+C\)
10.
\(\frac { dy }{ dx } +\frac { { 3x }^{ 2 }y }{ 1+{ x }^{ 3 } } =\frac { { sin }^{ 2 }x }{ 1+{ x }^{ 3 } } \)
This is a linear differential equation
\(\therefore P=\frac { { 3x }^{ 2 } }{ 1+{ x }^{ 3 } } ;Q=\frac { { sin }^{ 2 }x }{ 1+{ x }^{ 3 } } \)
\(\therefore \int { pdx } =\int { \frac { { 3x }^{ 2 } }{ 1+{ x }^{ 3 } } dx } =log(1+{ x }^{ 3 })\)
\(\therefore I.F.={ e }^{ \int { pdx } }={ e }^{ log(1+{ x }^{ 3 }) }=(1+{ x }^{ 3 })\)
\(\therefore\)The solution is \({ ye }^{ \int { pdx } }=\int { Q{ e }^{ \int { pdx } }dx+c } \)
\(\Rightarrow y(1+{ x }^{ 3 })=\int { \frac { { sin }^{ 2 }x }{ 1+{ x }^{ 3 } } (1+{ x }^{ 3 })dx+c } \)
\(cos2x=1-2{ sin }^{ 2 }x\)
\(sin2x=\frac { 1-cos2x }{ 2 } =\int { { sin }^{ 2 }xdx+c } \)
\(\Rightarrow y(1+{ x }^{ 3 })=\int { \frac { 1-cos2x }{ 2 } } dx+c\)
\(\Rightarrow y(1+{ x }^{ 3 })=\frac { x }{ 2 } -\frac { sin2x }{ 4 } +c\)
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Biology

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Computer Applications

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Business Maths and Statistics

Commerce

Economics

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Physics

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