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Published on: 01/06/2021
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Questions + Answers key
Take MCQ Maths Test1.
Discuss the maximum possible number of positive and negative roots of the polynomial equations x2−5x+6 and x2−5x+16 . Also draw rough sketch of the graphs
2.
3.
Solve the following equation: x4-10x3+ 26x2-10x + 1 = 0
4.
Find all zeros of the polynomial x6- 3x5- 5x4 + 22x3- 39x2- 39x + 135, if it is known that 1+2i and \(\sqrt{3}\) are two of its zeros.
5.
Solve : (x - 5) (x - 7) (x + 6) (x + 4) = 504
1.
x = 1
y = x2 -5x + 6
y = 1 -5 + 6 = 2
x = 2
y = 4 -10 + 6 = 0
x = 0
y = 6
x = 3
y = 9 -15 + 6 = 12
x = -1
y = 1 + 5 + 6 = 12
x = 4
y = 16 - 20 + 6 = 2
(1, 2), (0, 6), (-1, 12)
P(x) = (x2-5x + 6) (x2-5x+16)
= x4- 5x3+16x2-5x+25x2- 80x + 6x2- 30x + 96 = 0
x4-10x3+ 47x2 -110x + 96 = 0
It has two sign changes
\(\therefore\) it has two positive real roots
P(-x) = x4-10x3+ 47x2 -110x + 96
It has no sign changes, no negative real roots
y = x2- 5x + 16
| x | 0 | 1 | -1 | 2 | 4 |
| y | 16 | 12 | 23 | 10 | 12 |
2.

3.
This equation is Type I even degree reciprocal equation. Hence it can be rewritten as
x2\(\left[ \left( { x }^{ 2 }+\frac { 1 }{ { x }^{ 2 } } \right) -10 \left( x+\frac { 1 }{ x } \right) +26 \right] \)= 0 Since x \(\neq\) 0, we get \(\left(x^{2}+\frac{1}{x^{2}}\right)-10\left(x+\frac{1}{x}\right)+26=0\)
Let y = \(\left( x+\frac { 1 }{ x } \right) \)
[(y2-2)-10y+26] = 0 ⇒ (y2-10y+24) = 0 ⇒ (y-6)(y-4) = 0 ⇒ y = 6 or y = 4
Case (i)
y = 6 ⇒ x +\(\frac{1}{x}\) = 6 ⇒ x = 3+2\(\sqrt{2}\), x = 3 - 2\(\sqrt{2}\)
Case (ii)
y = 4 ⇒ x = 2+\(\sqrt{3}\), x = 2-\(\sqrt{3}\).
Hence, the roots are \(3 \pm 2 \sqrt{2}, 2 \pm \sqrt{3}\)
4.
Let f(x) x6-3x5-5x4+22x3-39x2-39x+135
Given (1+2i) is a root \(\Rightarrow\)(-2i) is also a root
Also \(\sqrt3\) is a root \(\Rightarrow\)-\(\sqrt3\) is also a root.
Hence, the factors of f(x) are [x - (1 + 2i)]
[x-(1-2i)] [x\(\sqrt3\)] [x+\(\sqrt3\)]
[(x-1)-2i] [(x-1)+2i] [x-\(\sqrt3\)][x+\(\sqrt3\)]
((x-1)2+22)(x2-3) = (x2-2x+1+4)(x2-3)
\(\Rightarrow\) factor of f(x) is (x2-2x+5)(x2-3)
\(\Rightarrow\)x4-3x2-2x3+6x+5x2-15
\(\Rightarrow\)(x4-3x2-2x3+6x-15) is a factor of f(x)
To find the other factor, let us divide f(x) by
x4 - 2x3 + 2x2 + 6x - 15

The other factor is x2 - x - 9
\(\Rightarrow x=\frac { 1\pm \sqrt { { (-1) }^{ 2 }-4(1)(-9) } }{ 2 } \left[ \because x=\frac { -b\pm \sqrt { { b }^{ 2 }-4ac } }{ 2a } \right] \)
\(\Rightarrow x=\frac { 1\pm \sqrt { 37 } }{ 2 } \)
Hence the roots are
1 - 2i, 1 + 2i, \(\sqrt { 3 }, -\sqrt { 3 }, \frac { 1+\sqrt { 37 } }{ 2 } ,\frac { 1-\sqrt { 37 } }{ 2 } \).
5.
(i) 
Rearrange the terms as,
(x-5) (x+4) (x-7) (x+6) = 504
{-2, 3, -7, 8}
⇒ (x2 -x - 20) (x2 -x - 42) = 504
Put x2- x = y
⇒ (y-20)(y-42) = 504
⇒ y2-62y+840-504 = 0
⇒ y2-62y+336 = 0
⇒ (y - 56) (y - 6) = 0
⇒ y = 56, 6
Case (i)
When y = 56, x2 - x = 56

⇒ x2 - x - 56 = 0
⇒ (x - 8)(x + 7) = 0
⇒ x = 8, -7
Case (ii)
When y = 6,
x2- x = 6
x2- x - 6 = 0
⇒ (x - 3)(x + 2) = 0
⇒ x = 3, - 2

Hence the roots are -2, 3, 8, -7
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