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Published on: 01/06/2021
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Questions + Answers key
Take MCQ Maths Test1.
Show that the line x−y+4 = 0 is a tangent to the ellipse x2+3y2 = 12 . Also find the coordinates of the point of contact.
2.
Find the equations of tangents to the hyperbola \(\frac { { x }^{ 2 } }{ 16 } -\frac { { y }^{ 2 } }{ 64 } \) = 1 which are parallel to10x − 3y + 9 = 0.
3.
Find the equation of the circle passing through the points (1, 1 ), (2, -1 ) and (3, 2) .
4.
The maximum and minimum distances of the Earth from the Sun respectively are 152 × 106 km and 94.5 × 106 km. The Sun is at one focus of the elliptical orbit. Find the distance from the Sun to the other focus.
5.
A road bridge over an irrigation canal has two semicircular vents each with a span of 20m and the supporting pillars of width 2m. Use Figure to write the equations that represent the semi-verticular vents
1.
x2+3y2 = 12
\(\div 12\) we get, \(\frac { { x }^{ 2 } }{ 12 } +\frac { { y }^{ 2 } }{ 4 } =1\)
∴ a2 = 12, b2 = 4
The line x-y+ 4 = 0 can be rewritten as y = x+4.
∴ m = 1, c = 4
The condition for y = mx + 4 to be a tangent to the ellipse is c2 = a2m2 + b2
∴ (4)2 = 12(1)2 + 4
⇒ 16 = 12+4
⇒ 16 = 16
Since the condition is satisfied, the line x - y + 4 = 0 is a tangent to the ellipse x2 + 3y2 = 12.
Also, the point of contact is \(\left( -\frac { { a }^{ 2 }m }{ c } ,\frac { { b }^{ 2 } }{ c } \right) \)
\(\Rightarrow \left( -\frac { 12(1) }{ 4 } ,\frac { 4 }{ 4 } \right) \Rightarrow (-3,1)\)
∴The point of contact is (-3, 1).
2.
Given equation of hyperbola is \(\frac { { x }^{ 2 } }{ 16 } -\frac { { y }^{ 2 } }{ 64 } =1\)
Let y = mx + c be the required tangent
⇒ a2 = 16 and b2 = 64
The tangents are parallel to 10x - 3y + 9 = 0.
∴ Slope of tangent (m)
= Slope of the line 10x - 3y + 9 = 0.
∴ m = \(\frac{-co - efficient of \ x}{co - efficient of \ y}\)= \(\frac { -10 }{ -3 } =\frac { 10 }{ 3 } \)
The condition for y = mx + c to be a tangent to the hyperbola is c2 = a2m2 - b2
⇒ \({ c }^{ 2 }=16\left( \frac { 100 }{ 9 } \right) -64=\frac { 1600-64\times 9 }{ 9 } \)
⇒ \(\frac { 1024 }{ 9 } \Rightarrow c=\pm \frac { 32 }{ 3 } \)
∴ The required tangents are
y = \(\frac { 10 }{ 3 } x+\frac { 32 }{ 3 } \) or \(y=\frac { 10x }{ 3 } -\frac { 32 }{ 3 } \)
⇒ 3y = 10x + 32 or 3y = 10x - 32
⇒ 10x−3y+32 = 0, or 10x+3y−32 = 0
3.
Let the general equation of the circle be
x2 +y2 +2gx + 2fy + c = 0 ........ (1)
It passes through points (1, 1), (2, -1) and(3, 2) .
Therefore,
2g+2f+c = -2 ........ (2)
4g−2f+c = -5 ........(3)
6g+4f+c = -13 ...... (4)
(2) – (3) gives −2g + 4f = 3 ... (5)
(4) – (3) gives 2g + 6f = -8 ....(6)
(5) + (6) gives f = \(-\frac { 1 }{ 2 } \)
Substituting f = \(-\frac { 1 }{ 2 } \) in (6), g = -\(\frac { 5 }{ 2 } \)
Substituting f = \(-\frac { 1 }{ 2 } \) and g = - \(\frac { 5 }{ 2 } \) in (2), c = 4 .
Therefore the required equation of the circle is
x2+ y2+ 2\(\left( -\frac { 5 }{ 2 } \right) x+2\left( -\frac { 1 }{ 2 } \right) \)y+4 = 0 and x2 + y2 − 5x − y + 4 = 0.
4.
AS = 94.5 × 106 km,
SA' = 152 × 106 km
a+c = 152 × 106
a-c = 94.5 × 106
Subtracting 2c = 57.5 × 106 = 575 × 105 km
Distance of the Sun from the other focus is SS' = 575 × 105 km.
5.
Let O1 O2 be the centres of the two semi circular vents.
First vent with centre O1 (12, 0) and radius r = 10 yields equation to first semicircle as
(x−12)2+(y− 0)2 = 102
\(\Rightarrow\) x2+y2−24x + 44 = 0, y > 0
Second vent with centre O2 (34, 0) and radius r = 10 yields equation to second vent as
(x−34)2+ y2 = 102
x2+y2− 68x + 1056 = 0, y > 0
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