(i) Fusion requires high temperature controlled reaction is not yet obtained. Highly sophisticated technology will be required.
(ii) However, the fuel is easily available, cheap and causes very less pollution.
(iii) There is no problem of waste management.
(iv) Fission controlled chain reaction is possible. The technology is well developed and established.
(v) There also exists the problem of waste management.

(i) Since proton number and neutron number are conserved in a nuclear reaction, the total rest mass of neutrons and protons is the same on either side of a reaction.
(ii) But the total binding energy of nudei on the left side need not be the same as that on the right hand side.
(iii) The difference in these binding energies appears as energy released or obsorbed in nuclear reaction.

Atomic mass unit is defined as \(\frac{1}{12}\) ^th of the mass of one \(_{ 6 }^{ 12 }{ C }\) atom.
E = mc²
= 1.66 x 10-27 x 3 X 108 x 3 x 108 J
= 1.66 x 9 x 10-11 J
= \(\frac { 1.66\times 9\times { 10 }^{ -11 } }{ 1.6\times { 10 }^{ -13 } } \) MeV = 931 MeV.

Rate of disintegration of a radioactive sample,
R = \(\frac{dN}{dt}\)
According to radioactive decay law
- \(\frac{dN}{dt}\) ∝ N
- \(\frac{dN}{dt}\) = λN or R = λN

The neutrino has the following properties
(i) It has zero charge
(ii) It has an antiparticle called anti-neutrino.
(iii) Recent experiments showed that the neutrino has very tiny mass
(iv) It interacts very weakly with the matter. Therefore, it is very difficult to detect In fact, in every second, trillions of neutrinos coming from the sun are passing through our body without any interaction.