Who was the ruler of Germany excommunicated by Gregory VII?

Assertion: The Black Death weakened the position of the church as it could not explain the causes for the Black Death.
Reason: The authority of Pope came to be increasingly challenged.

When was the Act of Supremacy passed by Henry VIII in England ?

Who conquered Mexico for Spain?

Which one of the following ships was returned after the death of Magellan?

Assertion: The Turkish conquests and the fall of Constantinople provided stimulus to find a sea route to the East.
Reason: As the demands for the products from the East increased, the European states wanted to control sea-borne trade.

Which one of the following is not correctly matched?

The Cathedral of St. Peters in Rome, built by the Popes, was fashioned by ____________

Which one of the following was not the work of Leonardo da Vinci?

Which of the following statement/s is/are correct?

Statement I:	Italians managed to preserve the belief that they were descendants of the ancient Vikings.
Statement II:	The hazard of sea voyages was reduced by the use of firearms and canon.
Statement III:	The eagerness to spread religion (Christianity) also acted as an impetus to the exploration of new lands.
Statement IV:	Ferdinand Magellan sailed westward and discovered Brazil.

Assertion: Galileo Galilei was tried by the Church for heresy.
Reason: He accepted the views of Copernicus’ heliocentric theory.

Who came to Italy seeking the help of the West in the war against the Turks?

Who wanted humankind to be ruled not by dogma and authority but rather by reason?

Who is considered the father of modern experimental science?

Which one of the following was not an idea developed during the age of Renaissance?

Assertion: Paper originated in China in second century BC (BCE).
Reason: Germany invented the movable printing press.

Whose success encouraged overseas enterprises enormously?

Of the following Popes, who was not the patron of Italian Renaissance?

Which one of the following had relegated religion to a subordinate place?

Which one of the following was not an independent trading city?