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Published on: 24/10/2025
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1.
It was Paheli's birthday. Her grandmother gave her two gifts made up of metals, one old dull silver spoon and a pair of lustrous gold ear-rings. She was surprised to see the difference in the appearance of the two metals. Can you explain the reason for this difference?
2.
Give the name of two objects each which can be made from the following materials.
(a) Glass
(b) Iron
(c) Gold
(d) Aluminium
3.
Give three common characteristics of materials.
4.
You are provided with the following materials: Turmeric, honey, mustard oil, water, glucose, rice flour, groundnut oil.
Make any three pairs of substances where one substance is soluble in the other and any three pairs of substances where one substance remains insoluble in the other substance.
5.
Given below are the names of some objects and materials:
Water, basket ball, orange, sugar, globe, apple and earthen pitcher. Group them as
(a) round shaped and other shapes.
(b) eatables and non-eatables.
6.
Do gases also dissolve in water?
7.
Are vinegar and lemon juice soluble or insoluble in water?
8.
Mixtures of red chilli powder in water, butter in water, petrol in water and honey in water were given to Radha, Sudha, Sofia and Raveena respectively. Whose mixture is in solution form?
9.
During summer holidays, a group of children collected a lump of salt, green grass, broken glass piece, a small thermocol box, pen, iron nail, glass. marbles, hair, naphthalene ball, a piece of sugar candy (mishri) and tried to group them on the basis of properties given in table. Help them in filling the table.
| Name of material | Appearance (Hard/Soft) | Transparency (Transparent/Translucent/Opaque) | Floats/Sinks in water | Soluble/Insoluble in water |
10.
Chalk, iron nail, wood, aluminium, candle, cotton usually look different from each other. Give some properties. by which we can prove that these materials are different.
11.
Sugar, salt, mustard oil, sand, sawdust, honey, chalk powder, petals of flower, soil, copper sulphate crystals, glucose, wheat flour are some substances given to Paheli. She wants to know whether these substances are soluble in water or not. Help her in identifying soluble and insoluble substances in water.
12.
Which of the following statements is not true?
Materials are grouped for convenience
Materials are grouped to study their properties
Materials are grouped for fun
Materials are grouped according to their uses
13.
Which type of the following materials is used for making the front glass (wind screen) of a car?
Transparent
Translucent
Opaque
All of these
14.
Find the odd one out from the following.
Tawa
Spade
Pressure cooker
Eraser
15.
You are provided with the following materials.
(i) Magnifying glass
(ii) Mirror
(iii) Stainless steel plate
(iv) Glass tumbler
Which of the above materials will you identify as transparent?
(i) and (ii)
(i) and (iii)
(i) and (iv)
(iii) and (iv)
16.
Which pair of substances among the following would float in a tumbler half-filled with water?
Cotton thread, thermocol
Feather, plastic ball
Pin, oil drops
Rubber band, coin
17.
While doing an activity in class, the teacher asked Paheli to handover a translucent material. Which among the following materials will Paheli pick and give her teacher?
Glass tumbler
Mirror
Muslin cloth
Aluminium foil
18.
Boojho found a bag containing the following materials.
(i) Mirror
(ii) Paper stained with oil
(iii) Magnet
(iv) Glass spectacles
Help Boojho in finding out the material(s) which is/are opaque.
Only (i)
Only (iv)
(i) and (iii)
(ii) and (iv)
19.
Which of the following materials is not lustrous?
Gold
Silver
Wood
Diamond
20.
Pick one material from the following which is completely soluble in water.
Chalk powder
Tea leaves
Glucose
Sawdust
21.
An iron nail is kept in each of the following liquids. In which case would it lose its shine and appear dull?
Mustard oil
Soft drink
Coconut oil
Kerosene
1.
The silver spoon on long exposure to moist air has lost its shine and appears dull whereas gold does not tarnish.
2.
(a) Glass Window pane, tumbler.
(b) Iron Rods, girders, buckets, nails.
(c) Gold Jewellery, coins.
(d) Aluminium Aeroplane, window frames.
3.
The three common characteristics of materials are.
(i) All materials occupy space.
(ii) All materials possess mass.
(iii) All materials can be felt by one or more of our sense organs.
4.
Substances which are soluble
(i) Honey in water
(ii) Glucose in water
(iii) Groundnut oil in mustard oil
Substances which are insoluble
(i) Turmeric in water
(ii) Rice flour in water
(iii) Mustard oil in water
5.
(a) Objects or materials which are in the form of circle, are known as round shapes.
| Round shape | Other shape |
| Basket ball | Water |
| Apple | Sugar |
| Orange | |
| Globe | |
| Earthen pitcher |
(b) The substances which we can eat, are known as eatable otherwise it is known as non-eatable.
| Eatable | Non-Eatable |
| Water | Basket ball |
| Orange | Globe |
| Apple | Earthen pitcher |
| Sugar |
6.
Some gases are soluble in water whereas others are not. Water usually has small quantities of some gases dissolved in it, e.g. oxygen gas is dissolved in the water.
7.
Vinegar and lemon juice are completely soluble in water.
8.
Raveena has got a solution because honey will dissolve in water whereas red chilli powder, butter and petrol float on water.
9.
The complete table is shown as below:
| Name of the material | Appearance (Hard/Soft) | Transparency (Transparent/Translucent/Opaque) | Floats/Sinks in water | Soluble/Insoluble in water |
| Lump of salt | Hard | Opaque | Sinks | Soluble |
| Green grass | Soft | Opaque | Floats | Insoluble |
| Broken glass piece | Hard | Transparent | Sinks | Insoluble |
| A small thermocol box | Soft | Opaque | Floats | Insoluble |
| Pen | Hard | Opaque | Sinks | Insoluble |
| Iron nail | Hard | Opaque | Sinks | Insoluble |
| Glass marbles | Hard | Transparent | Sinks | Insoluble |
| Hair | Soft | Opaque | Floats | Insoluble |
| Naphthalene ball | Hard | Opaque | Sinks | Insoluble |
| A piece of sugar candy (mishri) | Hard | Translucent | Sinks | Soluble |
10.
We can differentiate these materials on the basis of lustre, hardness, softness, roughness or smoothness.
| Material | Properties |
| Chalk | Rough on the surface |
| Iron nail | Shine (lustre) |
| Aluminium | Shine (lustre) |
| Wood | Hard to compress |
| Candle | Soft to compress |
| Cotton | Soft to compress |
11.
Substances soluble in water are sugar, salt, honey, copper sulphate crystals, glucose. Substances insoluble in water are mustard oil, sand, sawdust, chalk powder, petals of flower, soil, wheat flour.
12.
(c)
Materials are grouped for fun
13.
(a)
Transparent
14.
(d)
Eraser
15.
(c)
(i) and (iv)
16.
(b)
Feather, plastic ball
17.
(c)
Muslin cloth
18.
(c)
(i) and (iii)
19.
(c)
Wood
20.
(c)
Glucose
21.
(b)
Soft drink
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