(i) The Preamble of our constitution stresses on the justice, liberty, equality and fraternity.
(ii) According to it, India is a Sovereign, Socialist, Secular democratic republic.

(i) When they exchange commodities, they may lead to certain problems, when comparing the differences in the value of commodity.
(ii) To solve this problein, people invented a tool called money.

(i) The tricolour flag is our National flag
(ii) The saffron at the top represents. valour and sacrifice.
(iii) The green at the bottom represents fertility and prosperity.
(iv) The white band in between represents honesty peace and purity.
(v) The Ashoka chakra or the wheel in navy blue represents truth and peace.

Tertiary activities are basically concerned with the distribution of primary and secondary products through a system of transport and trade. (e.g) Banking, Trade and Communications.

Prejudice means to judge other people in a negative or inferior manner, without knowing much about them. It happens when people have false belief and ideas.

1. Pacific Ocean
2. Atlantic Ocean

The feeling of oneness and unity among the people of various religions, castes of a country is called unity in diversity

(i) Sangam Valartha Nagaram
(ii) Thoonga Nagaram (the city that never sleeps).
(iii) Koodal nagar are the other names of Madurai.  

(i) The great bath was a large, rectangular tank in a courtyard. It may be the earliest example of a water-proof structure.
(ii) The bath was lined with bricks, coated with plaster and made water-tight using layers of natural bitumen.
(iii) There were steps on the north and south leading into the tank.
(iv) There were rooms on three sides.
(v) Water was drawn from the well, located in the courtyard and drained out after use.

(i) Go as a group and hunt the prey.
(ii) Dig a pit and trap the animals and hunt.

If I were a King like Ashoka; I will implement some schemes.
Education:
To provide quality and equal free education to all from primary to higher studies.
Medical Aid:
To provide quality and free medical aid to all.
Health:
To provide basic needs like food, shelter, dress to all.
Economics:
To develop the economic status of our country giving importance to agricultural activities.
Employment:
To create employment opportunities for growing population from long term schemes.
Information technology:
Due to up coming technologies in the world I will implement new schemes to modernise the

(a) Lamp post
(i) Each house and street had a lamp post in Indus civilisation.
(ii) Now a days there is no electric lamp post in deep rural area.
(b) Burnt bricks
(i) The houses were built using baked bricks and mortar.
(ii) Present days we built varity of houses like concrete house, thatch house, etc....
(c) Underground drainage system
(i) Many of these cities in Indus has covered drains. The drains were covered with slabs or bricks.
(ii) Now a days underground drainage system is functioning only major cities.
(d) Weights and measurement
(i) Indus people had developed a systern of standardised weights and measures.
(ii) Present day we used electronic weighing machine also.
(e) Dockyard
(i) A naval dockyard has been discovered in Lothal in Gujarath. It shows the manitime activities of the Indus people.
(ii) Now a days there are so many seaports spread in all over India.

(i) The important features of the pacific ocean:
(ii) The pacific ocean is the largest and deepest ocean on the earth.
(iii) It covers about one-third of the earth's total area and spreads for about 168.72 million sq.km
(iv) This oceans shape is roughly triangular with its apex in the north at the bering strait which connects the pacific ocean with the arctic ocean.
(v) The bering sea, the china sea and the Philippines sea, the sea of Japan and Tasman sea are some of the marginal seas of the pacific ocean.
(vi) Indonesia, philippines, japan, hawaii, newzealand are some of the islands located in this ocean.
(vii) The deepest point mariana trench is 10,994m and is located in the pacific ocean.
(viii) A chain of volcanoes is located around the pacific ocean called the pacific ring of fire.

(i) The earth is the most suitable planet to support life.
(ii) It has thrge major components that we call as the realms of the Earth lithosphere, hydrosphere and atmosphere.
Lithosphere:
(i) The lithosphere is the land on which we live.
(ii) It is the solid outer layer of the earth consisting of rocks and soils.
Hydrosphere:
(i) The hydrosphere consists of water bodies such as oceans, seas, rivers, lakes, ice caps.on mountains and water vapour in the atmosphere.
Atmosphere:
(i) Atmosphere is the envelope of air that surrounds the earth.
(ii) Different types of gases make up the atmosphere.
(iii) The major gases are Nitrogen 78% and Oxygen 21%.
(iv) The other gases like Carbon dioxide, Hydrogen, Helium, Argon and Ozone are present in meager amounts.
Biosphere:
(i) The narrow belt of interaction among the lithosphere, the hydrosphere and the atmosphere, where life exists is known as biosphere.
(ii) Bio means life in Greek.
(iii) It consists of distinct zones.
(iv) Each zone has its own climate, plant and animal life.
(iv) These zones are known as ecosystems.