Universal Adult Franchise refers to the right of every adult citizen of a country to cast one vote in the elections irrespective of his/her caste, class, creed, religion, sex, etc.

When human beings live and work together, there needs to be some amount of organisation so that decisions can be made by government. The whole work related to managing border security, public welfare facilities or services etc are managed by the government and it is necessary for them to do so.
Thus, we need a government to run the country.

Yes, I believe that there was a time when governments did not allow women and the poor to participate in elections, because:
(i) In earliest times, only men who owned property and were educated were allowed to vote.
(ii) The country was governed by the rules and regulations that these few men made.

The power to take decisions and make laws depends on the form or type of government are:
(i) In democracy, it is the people who give this power to the government through the process of elections.
(ii) In monarchy, the King or the Queen has the power to make decisions and enforce laws. The monarch may have a small group to discuss matters but the final decision lies with the monarch.

List of the different kinds of activities that the government is reported to be doing in these newspaper headlines is:
(i) The Government protects the rights of unorganised workers.
(ii) The Government fixes the price of onions when they are in short supply.
(iii) The Government plans to tackle natural disasters like floods, earthquake, tsunami, ere as soon as possible.
(iv) Government revamps the coal and power sectors.
(a) Yes, the government has a wide range of activities.
(b) The government is the organisation which makes the decision with regard to:
• building roads and schools
• reducing the prices of essential commodities
• increasing the supply of electricity
• implementing several programmes to help the poor

Women's struggle for right to vote got strengthened during the First World War. During the war, many men were away for fighting and because of this, women were called upon to do the work earlier done by men.
When people saw this, they began to realise that they had created many unfair stereotypes about women. Then women organised themselves and demanded equal right as men. This movement is called the women's suffrage movement as the term suffrage usually means the right to vote.
All women demanded the right to vote for themselves and to get their demands heard, they chained themselves to railing in public places. Many suffragettes were imprisoned and went on hunger strikes.
Finally, in 1920 America provided voting right for women and later in 1928 UK also gave them the right to vote.