Elected representative of a ward is the Municipal Councillor.

The problems faced by non-permanent workers are as follow:
(i) If workers complain about their pay or working conditions, they are asked to leave.
(ii) There is no job security or protection if there is ill treatment.
(iii) They are also expected to work very long hours.

In the meeting of the Gram Sabha sofar, several problems have been discussed:
(i) Repairing of roads.
(ii) Water and water shortages.
(iii) Finalisation of list of People Below the Poverty Line (BPL)
The solutions that are being suggested are:
(i) Piping water from the Sum river and making an overhead tank in the villages.
(ii) Deepening the handpumps and cleaning the wells.
(iii) Conserving water and recharging it.
(iv) Name of Om Prakash should be in the BPL list.

The major physical division of India are- The Himalayas; The Northern Indian Plains; The Great Indian Desert; The Peninsular Plateau; The Coastal Plains; and Group of Islands.

Generally, the archaeologists study the remains of buildings made of stone and brick, paintings and sculptures. They also explore and excavate to find out the objects of daily use such as tools, weapons, pots, pans, ornaments and coins.

(i)The Jaina monastery in the picture is situated In Odisha.
(ii)Jaina monks lived and meditated In these rooms.

The ashvamedha or horse sacrifice was one such ritual. A horse was let loose to wander freely and it was guarded by the raja's men. If the horse wandered into the kingdoms of other rajas and they stopped it, they had to fight. If they allowed the horse to pass, it meant that they accepted that the raja who wanted to perform the sacrifice was stronger than them. These rajas were then invited to the sacrifice, which was performed by specially trained priests, who were rewarded with gifts. The raja who organised the sacrifice was recognised as being very powerful, and all those who came brought gifts for him to show respect.

(i) Arikamedu is located in Pondicherry. Between 2200 and 1900 years ago, this site was a coastal settlement where ships unloaded goods from distant lands.
(ii) A massive brick structure, which may have been a warehouse, was found at the site.
(iii) Other finds of Arikamedu included pottery from the Mediterranean region, such as amphorae, stamped red-glazed pottery, local made pottery which used Roman designs.
(iv) Roman lamps, glassware and gems have also been found at the site.
(vi) Small tanks have been found that were probably used to dye cloth.
(vii) There is plenty of evidence for the making of beads from semi-precious stones and glass.

Traces of bones of various animals have been found at the site of Mehrgarh.
(i) It was probably one of the places where women and men learnt to grow barley and wheat, and rear sheep and goats for the first time in this area. It is one of the earliest villages that we know about.
(ii) The evidence of many kinds of animal bones from c the earliest levels has been found by archaeologists during excavation levels, which included bones of wild animals such as deer and pig.
(iii) In later levels, they found more bones of sheep and goat and in still later levels, cattle bones are most common.
(iii) This implies that sheep, goat and cattle were reared by people in later period.