Advantages: On the globe, countries, continents and oceans are shown in their correct size.
Disadvantages: Globes may be of varying size and type - big ones, which cannot be carried easily.

Latitudes and longitudes are expressed in degrees. However, the increments of less than one degree can be expressed as a decimal or minutes and seconds. There are 60 minutes in a degree and 60 seconds in a minute. Longitudes can be written with an E or W for East or West and respectively latitudes have N or S for North or South.

Latitudes and longitudes can locate the exact location of a place, but they are not uniform units of measurement.
(i) If we look at the globe, we will see that longitudes are closer together as we move towards north and south of the Equator.
(ii) Only near the Equator, the distance represented by 1° longitude is equal to the distance represented by 1° latitude

The Earth is spherical in shape and thus, it is impossible to locate the places on the Earth. To locate a place on the globe, latitudes and longitudes are drawn. The latitudes and longitudes point out the exact positions of places on the Earth's surface.

Greenwich time is called Greenwich Mean Time because GMT is the local time of the old Greenwich observatory i.e., 0°.It is adopted uniformly by all the countries at the international level.

Longitudes are angular distance from the Prime Meridian. Lines joining the North Pole and South Pole are called the lines of longitude.
Longitudes help us in calculating time and locating place as well. The earth has been divided into 360 longitudes. The standard time is also based on longitudes.

There are four important parallels of latitudes on the Earth. They are:
(i) Tropic of Cancer It is an imaginary line that crosses at 23 1 / 2° in Northern hemisphere.
(ii) Tropic of Capricorn It is an imaginary line that crosses at 23 1 / 2° in Southern hemisphere.
(iii) Arctic Circle It is a circle at 66 1 / 2° North of the equator.
(iv) Antarctic Circle It is a circle at 66 1 / 2° South of the equator.

Temperate zone lies between the tropic of Cancer and Arctic circle in Northern hemisphere, and tropic of Capricorn and Antarctic circle in Southern hemisphere.

The value of each latitude is followed by the letter 'N' or'S'. The parallel of latitudes in the North of the equator is represented as 'N' while the parallel of latitudes in South of the equator is represented as'S'.

The major features of meridians are as follows:
(i) Meridians are equal in length.
(ii) It divides the Earth into Eastern and Western hemispheres.
(iii) These are semi-circles.
(iv) These are 360 in total and divided into 180 in the East and 180 in the West of Prime Meridian.

If a cricket match begins at 12 p.m. in England, then it will be 5.30 p.m. in India because India is 5.30 hours ahead of GMT. We can watch the match in India on TV by 5.30 p.m.

The local time of places on different meridians are bound to differ. The time difference within a country may be more than two hours. Therefore, it is necessary to have a standard time for a country. That's why the Earth is divided into 24 time zones.

The mid-day sun at least once in a year is exactly overhead on all latitudes in area between the tropic of Cancer and tropic of Capricorn. Therefore, the Torrid zone receives the maximum amount of heat.

The three heat zones of the earth are as follows:
(a) Torrid zone: The area that receives maximum heat is called Torrid zone.
(b) Temperate zone: The regions of moderate temperature are called Temperate zone.
(c) Frigid zone: The region with extremely low temperature is called Frigid zone.

A globe is a true model of the earth. It shows the earth in its real shape with continents, oceans and
tilt on its axis.