The Mayor in a Municipal Corporation is a State appointed officer, chosen through direct vote for a term of five years. He lacks executive authority. The Municipal Commissioner serves as the Principal Executive Officer, subject to the power and administration of the Mayor as the Chief Executive Officer.

District Education Officer and the District Civil Surgeon are two important officers. The health services of a district are under the Chief Medical Surgeon. He supervises all the hospitals and dispensaries of the district. Doctors, compounders and nurses assist the CM.O. in his work. The Education department of the district is looked after by the District Inspector of Schools. He makes frequent inspections to the schools and looks after the Education Department.

The District Magistrate or the District Collector maintains peace, law and order in the district. He supervises the actions taken by all police officers including the Superintendent of Police and Station House Officer in a number of issues relating to law and order. In case of riots in a city or village if situation worsens he can impose

The local bodies cannot work without the permission of the State Governments. The State Government keeps a strict watch on the financial grants that are given to the local bodies. It should get the permission of the State for levying any new tax and for getting public loans. A State Government can dissolve any Municipality or Municipal Corporation if it is not satisfied with its performance. The main function of the local bodies and the state government is to promote the welfare of the people.

Councillors are elected by the people and hold . Their positions only if they are re-elected. Officials are appointed on the bases of merit by the council Management to specified jobs within the municipal administration and they are like any other employee in a job. Officials possess the knowledge and skills on the technical and specialised aspects of municipal affairs. Councillors who don't have this knowledge have to rely on the reports of the officials to help them make decisions. Both the Councillors and officials decide the policies and directions of the Municipality. Once the Council has reached a decision then officials are expected to carry these out in the most efficient and cost-effective manner.

For providing and running several services, the Municipality needs a lot of money. The Municipal Corporation collects it in diverse ways. A tax is a sum of money that people pay to the government for the services the government supplies. People who own homes have to pay a property tax as well as taxes for water and other services. The larger the house the more the tax, i.e., tax according to quantity. Property levies however form 25- 30 percent. of the total money that a Municipal Corporation earns. There are taxes for education. Taxes like entertainment tax on tickets, etc. are also levied. Rich people account for property taxes while wider population pays more general taxes.

Urban administration is necessary to provide basic amenities like street lights, garbage collection, water supply, keeping the streets and markets clean, collecting house tax and water taxes, etc. It is responsible for cleaning the city's drainage system, maintenance of parks and markets. It has made possible the regulation of the urban development and local management of civil facilities.

In Judicial administration, there are two types of courts named Civil and the Criminal Courts. The Civil Courts deal with cases related to property and money. It consists of a District Judge, a Civil Judge and a Munsif. However, the Criminal Courts hear the cases of thefts, murders and threat to life and
property.

The two functions of District Administration are to maintain land records and to release land revenue. For this purpose, the Tehsildar, Naib Tehsildar, Kanungo and Lekhpal assist the Collector. He also provides relief when unforeseen situations as epidemics and famines occur. All police officers work under the supervision of the Collector to maintain law and order.

The local bodies of the cities having large population are called Municipal Corporations. The area of the work of the Corporation is wider. The number of elected representatives varies in between 50 to 100. The day-to-day work is looked after by various committees

Every corporation has a Chief Executive Officer. He is not elected by the people, but appointed by the State Government. His main function is to implement the decisions of the Municipal Corporation. He supervises the work of engineers, doctors and educationists.

The following qualifications are needed to become a member of the Municipality:
(i) His minimum age should be 25 years.
(ii) He should not be mad, a bankrupt or a criminal

The sources of income of the Municipalities are very limited while the expenditure is more than the income. So, the State governments give grants to the Municipalities.

Garbage and dirt lying over roads and streets if remain uncollected, attract flies, rats, dogs, etc. and this harms the people. People get sick from the foul smell. After a certain point, movement of people and playing of children gets stopped due to the fear of illness. So, to save the people from diseases, regular cleaning is required

Complicated decisions usually affect the entire city and therefore these decisions are taken by groups of Councillors who form committees to decide and debate issues.

The functions of urban administration are the following:
(i) Collection of house tax and water taxes.
(ii) Cleaning of city drainage system
(iii) Maintenance of parks and markets.
(iv) Regulating the urban development and local management of civic facilities.

The following qualifications are needed to become a member of the Municipality:
(i) The person must be a citizen of India.
(ii) His name should be there in the voters list.
(iii) His age should be 25 years.
(iv) He should not be mentally unsound, a bankrupt or a criminal.

Gangabai collected a large number of women and went to the Municipal Commissioner alongwith Ward Councillor to Protest against garbage dumped all over the street.

Changes that have happened after Yasmin Khala's retirement are:
(i) Commissioners have hired private contractors to collect and process garbage. The contract workers do not have access to any safety measures.
(ii) These contract workers get paid less and their jobs are temporary.
(iii) The private contractors do not take care of the workers if they are injured during working time.

The people who do all these works are the officers, officials and the elected representatives of the civic body.