(i) The imaginary lines which are drawn horizontally on East-West direction on the Earth are called the lines or Parallels of latitudes.
(ii) The imaginary lines drawn vertically connecting the North pole and the south pole called lines or meridians of longitude.

(i) Thunder is a series of sudden electrical discharge resulting from atmospheric conditions.
(ii) This discharge results in sudden flashes of light and trembling sound waves which are commonly known as thunder and lightning.

(i) A system of exchanging goods for other goods, called barter system.
(ii) For example, exchange a bag of rice for enough clothes.

Actual resources are resources that are being used and the quantity available is known. (e.g.) Coal at Neyveli.

When prejudice gets stronger, it develops into a stereotype. stereotype is a false view or idea about something.

From the largest to the smallest, they are Asia, Africa, North America, South America, Antartica, Europe and Australia.

The Atlantic ocean is bounded by North America and South America in the West, and Europe and Africa in the East.

(i) A continent is a very large area of land with various physical features such as mountains, plateaus, plains, rivers and seas and various types of weather patterns
(ii) India has all of them.
(iii) So, India is known as a sub-continent.

(i) The city of lakes is known as Kancheepuram.
(ii) Hundreds of lakes were created for storing water around the town of Kanchi.
(iii) Hence, Kanchi came to be known as the district of lakes.

(i) Madurai
(ii) Kancheepuram
(iii) Poompuhar

Indus Civilisation is called urban civilisation because
(i) There was well-conceived town planning.
(ii) Astonishing masonry and architecture were found.
(iii) Priority was given for hygiene and public health.
(iv) They used Standardised weights and measures.
(v) They had solid agricultural and artisanal base.

(i) Anthropology is the study of human and evolutionary history.
(ii) The word anthropology is derived from two Greek words
(iii) Anthropos meaning "man" or "human";
(iv) Logos, meaning "thought" or "reason.

Humans moved to another place in search of food.

Evolution is the process through which the human kind changes and develops towards an advanced stage of life.

(i) Some would have stayed back, without joining the hunting team.
(ii) So for their benefit, these pictures could have been drawn.
(iii) They might have done it as a part of their passtime.

(i) Stone tools.
(ii) Excavated materials.
(iii) Rock paintings are the major sources of pre-history

(i) As per the report by the Ministry of Road Transport and Highways (MRTH) as many us 1.47 lakhs people died on Indian Roads in 4.64 lakh accidents.
(ii) Fatal road accidents victims largely constitute young people in the productive age groups. Young adults in the age group of 18-45 years accounted for 72.1% of victims.
(iii) People in working age group of 18-60 years accounted for a share of 87.2% in the total road accident fatalities.

(i) By 1800 BCE, the Harappan culture had started declining.
(ii) It is assumed that the civilization met with
(a) repeated floods
(b) ecological changes
(c) invasions
(d) natural calamity
(e) climatic changes
(f) deforestation
(g) an epidemic might have disturbed the civilization.

(i) The main occupation one of the Indus Civilisation people is pottery.
(ii) People of those times know how to use the potter's wheel
(iii) Pottery was practiced using the potter's wheel.
(iv) It was well fired.
(v) Potteries were red in colour with beautiful designs in black.
(vi) They know the uses of colour painting.

(a) Lamp post
(i) Each house and street had a lamp post in Indus civilisation.
(ii) Now a days there is no electric lamp post in deep rural area.
(b) Burnt bricks
(i) The houses were built using baked bricks and mortar.
(ii) Present days we built varity of houses like concrete house, thatch house, etc....
(c) Underground drainage system
(i) Many of these cities in Indus has covered drains. The drains were covered with slabs or bricks.
(ii) Now a days underground drainage system is functioning only major cities.
(d) Weights and measurement
(i) Indus people had developed a systern of standardised weights and measures.
(ii) Present day we used electronic weighing machine also.
(e) Dockyard
(i) A naval dockyard has been discovered in Lothal in Gujarath. It shows the manitime activities of the Indus people.
(ii) Now a days there are so many seaports spread in all over India.