Ring worm, Dandruff, Athlete's foot.

Water is essential to complete the life cycle of bryophytes. So these plants are called amphibians of the plant kingdom.

When aseptate without (cross wall) mycelium contains many nuclei it is called as coenocytic mycelium.

Some of the single cell algae and blue green algae are used to produce protein. Eg: Chlorella, Spiralina

1. Artificial system of classification
2. Natural system of classification
3. Phylogenetic system of classification
4. Modern system of classification

Taxonomy is the branch of biology that deals with the study of identification, classification, description and nomenclature of living organisms.

1. Seed has only one cotyledon.
2. They have fibrous root system, leaves with parallel ventation.
3. Flowers are trimerous.
4. Pollination occurs by wind.

1. Gumetophyte is undifferentiated thallus, rhizoids are unicellular and branched.
2. Proto nemal stage is absent.
3. Sporophyte is differentiated into foot and capsule only.

1. Parasites absorb food from the living organisms with the help of special root called haustoria
2. Eg: Cercospora personate. It affects groundnut plants and cause Tikka disease.

1. Algae are chlorophyll beaning simple primitive plants and are autotrophs.
2. The plant body of algae is called thallus.
3. Most of the algae are living in aquatic region.

1. They are primitive & simplest group of land plants.
2. These are terrestrial and non vascular cryptogams.
3. H₂O is essential to complete the life cycle so there plants are called amphibians of the plant kingdom.
4. Bryophytes have distinct alternation of generation Gametophytic is dominant and sporophytic generation is small.
5. Sexual reproduction is oogamous type.
6. The male sex organ antheridium produces antherozoid, and the female organ Archegonium produces an egg.
7. Antherozoid fertilizes the egg and form zygote.
8. Zygote develops into sporophyte and produces haploid spores by meiosis.
9. Spore is the first cell of the gametophytic generation.

1. The plant body of fungi is not differentiated into root, stem, and leaves.
2. The Plant body of fungus consists of filament like structures called as hyphae.
3. Several hypane arranged to form a network called mycelium.
4. There are two types of mycelium namely septate mycelium (with cross wall) and aseptate (without cross wall) mycelium.
5. When aseptate mycelium contains many, nuclei, it is called as coenocytic mycelium.
6. The cells of fungi are multicellular and eulcanyotic organism.
7. Some species of fungi (Yeast) is unicellular.
8. Cell wall is made up of chitin.
9. The reserve food materials are glycogen and oil.