i) Tokyo - (Japan)
ii) Delhi - (India)
iii) Shanghai - (China)
iv) Mexico City  - (Mexico)

Urbanisation refers to the process in which there is an increase in the proportion of population living in towns and cities.

i) Employment
ii) To improve their financial status.

i) The causes operate under this category are natural ones. They include volcanic eruption mankind changed considerably
ii) They almost left the nomadic life and started to live in permanent settlements.
iii) People continued to move from one region to another in search of fertile land for cultivation
Ex: earthquake, flood, drought, etc.

i) Natural population growth
ii) Rural to urban migration and the reclassification of rural areas into urban areas.

Migration is defined as the permanent semi permanent change of residence of an individual or group of people over a significant distance.

Problems of urbanisation
a) Housing and Slums
b) Over Crowding
c) Water supply, Drainage and Sanitation
d) Transportation and Traffic
e) Pollution
a) Housing and Slums
There is a lack of space for housing and a marked reduction in the quality of housing in the urban areas due to increase in population Rapid rate of urbanisation results the development of slums
b) Over Crowding:
Over crowding leads to unhealthy environment in the urban areas. If also the cause of many diseases and riots.
c) Water supply, Drainage and Sanitation:
No city has found the clock water supply in the world. Drainage situation is equally bad.
d) Transporation and Traffic
i) Absence of planned and adequate arrangements for traffic and transport is another probleem in urban centres.
ii) The increasing number of two wheelers and cars make the tratfic problem worse
e) Pollution:
i) Towns and cities are the major polluters of environment.
ii) Industries in and around the urban centres polltrtes. The atmosphere with smoke and toxic gases

Various causes of migration
a) Ecological or Natural causes of Migration
b) Economic causes of Migration
c) Socio-cultural Causes of Migration
d) Demographic Causes of Migration
e) Political causes of Migration
a) Ecological or Natural causes of Migration
The causes operate under this category ate natural ones. They include volcanic eruption, man-kind changed considerably. (ex.) earthquake, food, drought etc..
b) Economic causes of Migration
i) Economy is one of the most imported causes of human migration from one area to another
ii) The availability of fertile agricultural land employment opportunities, development of technology etc
c) Socio-cultural causes of Migration:
Migration of women after marriage and migration associated with pilgrimage are based on the socio-cultural customs.
d) Demographic causes of Migration
In demographic sense, the population composition like age and sex, over population and under population are the major causes of migration
e) Political causes of Migration
Various political causes like colonization, wars, government policies etc., have always been playing Important role in human migration from to time. Wars lave been one of the significant causes of migration since ancient time.