An ecosystem constitutes the plants, animals and micro-organisms in an area along with nonliving components such as climate, soil, river deltas etc.

At times, we kill snakes, frogs, lizards, bats and owls ruthlessly without realising their importance in the ecosystem. By killing them we are harming ourselves. They might be small in size but they play a significant role in the formation of food chains and food webs.

Endemic species are those species of plants and animals that are found exclusively in a particular area. A particular type of animal or plant may be endemic to a zone, a state or a country e.g., Sal and wild marygoare endemic flora, Bison and the Indian giant squirrel are endemic fauna of the Pachmarhi Biosphere Reserve.

Biologicaldiversity, refers to the variety of organism existing on the earth, their inter relationships and their relationship with the environment.

Consequences of deforestation:
(i) Deforestation increases the temperature and pollution level on the earth. It increases the level of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.
(ii) It also disturbs the balance in nature and increases chances of natural calamities such as floods and droughts.

Removal of top layer of soil exposes the lower, hard and rocky layers. This soilhas less humus and is less fertile. Gradually the fertile land gets converted into desert. It is called desertification.

Small animals might be small in size but their role in the ecosystem cannot be ignored. They are important in an ecosystem as they form part of food chains and food webs.

The answer to deforestation is reforestation, which is restocking of the destroyed forests by planting new trees.

If, there is no wood, than we will not receive fuels and many other things used for domestic purposes as paper, matchsticks, furniture etc. There is no alternative of wood and paper.

Kanha Biosphere Reserve is located in Madhya Pradesh.

Tiger is considered as an endangered species because it is slowly disappearing from the forest and chances of it being extinct are increasing due to hunting and poaching.

The finest Indian teak is found in the Satpura forest.

Rock shelters are objects of historical importance. These are evidences of pre-historic human life.

Reforesiation can take place naturally by leaving the deforested area undisturbed for a long period of time. During this period, the area re-establishes itself without the interference of human beings.