(i) After Aurangzeb's death in 1707,many Mughal governors (Subedars) and big zamindars began asserting their authority.
(ii) As powerful regional kingdoms emerged in various parts of India, Delhi could no longer work as an effective centre.
(iii) The ruler of England, Queen Elizabeth I, granted the company a charter to trade in east. The Company started trading as Mughals allowed them the right to trade.

(i) The companies regularly sank each other's ships, and blocked their routes.
(ii) Companies prevented rival ships from supplying goods.
(iii) Trade was carried on with arms and trading posts were protected through fortification

(i) The Doctrine of Lapse was introduced by Lord Dalhousie.
(ii) According to this, if the ruler of a protected or dependent state died without a natural heir, his state would automatically lapse.
(iii) The victims of this doctrine were Satara (1848), Jaitpur, Sambalpur (1850), Udaipur (1852), Nagpur (1853)and Jhansi (1854

Following were the terms and treaty of Allahabad:
(i) The kingdom of Awadh was restored to the Nawab Shuja-ud-daullah.
(ii) The nawab paid the company a sum of Rs.50 lakhs and the company promised to support Awadh against any outside attack, using its own troops, but the expenses would be borne by the nawab.
(iii) The Mughal empire granted the Company the 'Diwani' of Bengal, Bihar and Orrisa.
(iv) The company gave the Mughal emperor an annual pension of Rs.26 Lakhs.

After the Battle of Buxar, the East India Company appointed residents in the Indian state. They were political and commercial agents of the Company. Their job was to serve and further the interests of the Company. 
Through them, the Company officials began interfering in the internal affairs of Indian States. They enjoyed the real power. They decided who was to be the succession of throne and who was to be appointed in administrative post. If the king did not admit his decision, then confrontation took place.

After the Battle of Plassey, Robert Clive wrote to William Pitt on 7th January 1759 about the advantage of expanding British colony in India. He said that there was no difficulty in obtaining the absolute power of the rich kingdoms of India. The Company earned yearly two million sterling by possessing only three provinces at that time.

William Pitt was one of the Principal Secretaries of state to the English monarch

In 1600, the East India Company got a charter.from Queen Elizabeth I, the then ruler of Britain.By this charter, the Company was granted the sole right to trade with the East. This meant that no other trading group in England could compete with the East India Company.

After the Battle of Plassey, the actual nawabs of Bengal were forced to give land and vast amounts of money as personal gifts to the Company officials. Company officials like, Robert Clive amassed £401,102  whenhe left India.

Aurangzeb's Farman had granted the Company only the right to trade duty-free. But the officials of the Company misused this facility. They were carrying on private trade and stopped paying duty for their personal profit. This caused a huge loss of revenue in Bengal.

Calcutta was a colonial city developed by the British East India Company and then by the British Empire. It was the capital of the British Indian Empire untill1911 when the capital was relocated to Delhi. It grew rapidly in the 19th century to become the second city of the British Empire. In 1772, Calcutta became the capital of British India. a decision made by  Governor-General Warren Hastings. Calcutta underwent rapid industrial growth from the 1850s. Many architecturally famous buildings or movements were built by the British. 
Calcutta became the 'Cultural Capital of India'. The contribution of Bengal Renaissance on the national movement of independence was immense. Surendranath Banerjee. Womesh Chunder Banerjee, Sri Aurobindo, Bipin Chandra Pal. Swami Vivekananda, Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay. Rabindranath Tagore were some prominent figures of Bengal.

In 1765, the Mughal emperor appointed the East India Company as the Diwan of Bengal. The Diwani allowed the Company to use the vast revenue resources of Bengal. This solved a major problem of the Company. From the early lSth century its trade with India had expanded. But it had to buy most of the goods in India with gold and silver imported from Britain. This was because at this time Britain had no goods to sell in India. 
The outflow of gold from Britain slowed after the battle of Plassey and entirely stopped after the assumption ofDiwani. Now, revenues could be used to purchase cotton and silk textiles in India, maintain Company troops and meet the cost of building the Company fort and offices at Calcutta.

The conflict between the Bengal nawabs and the East India Company intensified in the early 18th century. The nawabs of Bengal (Murshid Quli Khan, Alivardi Khan and Sirajuddaulah) were strong rulers.
(i) They refused to grant the Company concessions and demanded large tributes to the Company's right to trade.
(ii) They denied the Company any right to mint coins and stopped the Company from extending its fortifications.
(iii) Accusing the Company of deceit, they claimed that the Company was depriving the Bengal government of huge amounts of revenue and undermining the authority of the nawabs.
(iv) The Company on its part said that the unjust demands of the local officials were ruining their trade. To expand their trade, they had to rebuild their forts.

My feelings would be of disappointment and anger. 
I would train an army and fight with the British for my right. After defeating the British, I would capture the throne vacated by my uncle after his death. I would join with the other leaders who also opposed the Doctrine of Lapse.

Headline for the British paper "The East India Company crushes Tipu Sultan." Headline for the local paper "Mysore Tiger sacrifices life for the people of Mysore".