1. The immediate cause was the introduction of new Enfield rifles in the army
2. The top of the cartridge of this rifle was to be removed by the mouth before loading it in the rifle.
3. The carridge were greased by fat of the pig and the cow.
4. The Indian sepoys believed that the British were deliberately attempting to spoil their religion. So the soldiers were determined to refuse their service and revolted.

i) The new methods and uniform regulations were withdrawn.
ii) The family of Tippu as a precautionary measure was sent to Calcutta.
iii) William Cavendish Bentinck was removed from his service.

1. Marudhu Pandiyar
2. Veerapandiya Kattabomman

1. Velu Nachiyar was the Queen of Sivagangai.
2. After killing her husband Muthu Vaduganathar in the battle. Velu Nachiyar lived under the protection of Gopala Nayakar at Virupachi near Dindigul.
3. She arranged a sucide attack by a faithful follower commander Kuyili.
4. She was crowned us queen with the help of Marudu brothers

1. Palayakkarars wanted more powers to control their provinces.
2. In 1529, the Nayak of Madurai noticed that he could not control the chiftain with the consultation of his minister Ariyanatha, he instituted Palayakkarar system,
3. Pull Thevar. Veerapandya Kattabornman, Velu Nachiyar, Marudu brothers, Deeran Chinnamalai are some prominent Palayakkarars.