The process of disruption of traditional Indian crafts and decline in national income has been referred to as de - industrialisation.

The invention of cottongin, flying shuttle, spinning jenny and steam engine in England, made the production of textiles on large scale.

Textiles, woodwork, ivory, stone cutting, leather, fragrance wood, metal work and jewellery are the traditional handicrafts industries in India.

1. Handicraft products are manmade items. It is commonly referred to as handmade crafts.
2. In this process, skilled people create different types of items from goods and convert them into decorative pieces out of paper clay, wood rock, stone and cheap tools.
3. These are prepared solely by hands and do not involve the use of any machinery.
4. Many rural people still earn their livelihood from their creative pieces of art.
5. But some products can be made quickly by machines in which there is no need for man's effort
6. The biggest advantage of machine made is that it is faster. Machine made goods are cheaper.

Plantation industries : 
1. The plantation industry was the first to attract the Europeans. This provide jobs on large scale. 
2. In reality, it could meet the increasing demands for tea, coffee and indigo by the British Society. 
3. The Assam Tea Company was founded in 1839. 
4. Coffee plantation also started simultaneously. 
5. As the tea plantation was the most important industry of Eastern India, coffee plantation became the center of activities in South India.
6. The Third important plantation, which gave birth to factory was jute.
7. All these Industries were controlled by many former employees of the British East India Company.

1. All the policies implemented by the British government in India had a deep impact on India’s indigenous industries.
2. Free trade policy followed by the East India Company compelled the Indian traders to sell their goods below the market prices.
3. This forced many craftsmen to abandon their ancestral handicraft talents.
4. East India company’s aim was to buy the maximum quantity of Indian manufactured goods at the cheapest price and sell them to other European countries for a huge profit.
5. This affected the traditional Indian industry.
6. The British followed the policy of protective tariffs that was much against the trading interests of India. 
7. Heavy duties were charged on Indian goods in Britain, but at the same time, the English goods entering India were charged only nominal duties.