Law allows all the citizens of a country, the right to follow different faith and religious beliefs. All citizens enjoy the freedom of worship. The country does not have a religion of its own. All the religions in our country hold the same status

It took a period of 2 years, 11 months, and 17 days. It was completed on 26th November 1949.

1. The early man, who hunted and gathered food, later learnt to cultivate crops. When they found rivers which provided them water, settled down permanently near the rivers.
2. These permanent settlements were called villages.

But the villages are the real shadows of cities

The lower part has an elephant, a horse, a bull and a lion. The' Wheel of righteousness'. is placed between them. This emblem is found at the top of the government communication. Indian currency and passport

The upper part has four lions facing the North, South, East and West. This is on a circular pedestal. One can only see three lions at a time.

The use of any natural resource depends on the place it is available, the form in which it is available and the technology necessary to avail it

People are also referred to as resources

(i) In the later Vedic period the Aryans tamed elephants, apart from cow, goat, sheep and horse.

The sky gods like Prithvi (Earth), Agni (fire), Vayu (wind), Varona (rain), Indra (Thunder).

(i) Northern hemisphere
(ii) Southern hemisphere
(iii) Eastern hemisphere 
(iv) Western hemisphere

(i) The Earth which is spherical, is flat at the poles and bulges at the Equator.
(ii) The Earth cannot be compared with any other geometrical shape as it has a very unique shape.
(iii) Hence, its shape is called a geoid.

(i) Thunder is a series of sudden electrical discharge resulting from atmospheric conditions.
(ii) This discharge results in sudden flashes of light and trembling sound waves which are commonly known as thunder and lightning.

A disaster is a serious disruption of the functioning of a society involving human and material loss.

(i) Panchayat President
(ii) Ward members
(iii) Councillor
(iv) District Panchayat Ward Councillor

Yes, Tirunelveli.

Direct democracy and Representative democracy are the types of democracy.

1. The raw materials obtained from the primary acti~ities are converted into finished products through machinery on a large scale.
2. These activities are called secondary activities.

(i) In villages, once in a week or month, all things are sold in a particular place at a specific time to meet the needs of the people.
(ii) That is called "Sandhai".

Human resources are groups of individuals who use nature to create more resources.

Third order of land form.

When prejudice gets stronger, it develops into a stereotype. stereotype is a false view or idea about something.

Prejudice means to judge other people in a negative or inferior manner, without knowing much about them. It happens when people have false belief and ideas.

Oceans are vast expanse of water.

The vast land masses on Earth are called Continents.

The types of diversity are 
(i) Land forms and Lifestyle diversity
(ii) Social diversity
(iii) Religions diversity
(iv) Linguistic diversity
(v) Cultural diversity

Scholars like Dharmabalar, Jothibalar, Sumathi and Bodhi Dharamar where born in Kanchi.

1. Harappa
2. Mohenjo - Daro

Indus, civilisation is called Bronze Age civilisation because it is a historical period characterised by the use of articles made of bronze.

Archaeology is the study of pre historic humans remained materials used by pre historic humans.

(i) Stone tools.
(ii) Excavated materials.
(iii) Rock paintings are the major sources of pre-history

(i) The Western Chalukya empire ruled most of the western deccan, South India, between the 10^th and 12^th Centuries.
(ii) They were the descendants of Badami chalukyas ruled from kalyani (modern day Basavakalyan)
(iii) In 1973, Tariapa - II, a feudatory of the Rashtrakuta ruling from Bijapur region defeated Parmara of Malwa.
(iv) Tailapa - II occupied Kalyani his fimasty quickly grew into an empire under Someswara - I.
(v) Someswara - I moved the capital from Manyakheta to Kalyani.
(vi) For over a century, the western chalukyas and the chola dynasty of Thanjavur, fought many fierce battles to control the fertile region of vengi.
(vii) During the rule of Vikramaditya VI in the late 1le century vast areas between the Narmada River in the north and Kaveri River in the south came under Chalukyas control.
(viii) The Kasi Visweshvara Temple at Lakkundi, the Mallikarjuna temple at Kuruvatti, the Kalleshwara temple at Bagali and the Mahadeva Temple at Itagi represeni well known examples of the architecture of western Chaitrkyas of Kalyani.

(i) As per the report by the Ministry of Road Transport and Highways (MRTH) as many us 1.47 lakhs people died on Indian Roads in 4.64 lakh accidents.
(ii) Fatal road accidents victims largely constitute young people in the productive age groups. Young adults in the age group of 18-45 years accounted for 72.1% of victims.
(iii) People in working age group of 18-60 years accounted for a share of 87.2% in the total road accident fatalities.

(i) Invention of zero and the consequent evolution of the decimal system were the legacy of Guptas to the modem world.
(ii) Aryabhatta, Varahamihira and Brahmagupta were. foremost astronomers and mathematicians of the time.
(iii) Aryabhatta, in his book Surya Siddhanta, explained the true causes of solar and lunar eclipses.
(iv) He was the first Indian astronomer to declare that the earth revolves around its own axis.
(v) Dhanvantriwas a famous scholar in the field of medicine. He was a specialist in Ayurveda. Charaka was a medical scientist. Susruta was the first Indian to explain the process of surgery.

(i) By 1800 BCE, the Harappan culture had started declining.
(ii) It is assumed that the civilization met with
(a) repeated floods
(b) ecological changes
(c) invasions
(d) natural calamity
(e) climatic changes
(f) deforestation
(g) an epidemic might have disturbed the civilization.

1. Andhra Pradesh - Brahmotsavam
2. Arunachal Pradesh - Losar festival
3. Assam - Bohag Bihu
4. Bihar - Chhath Puja
5. Chhattisgarh - Bastar Dussehra
6. Goa - Carnival
7. Gujarat - Janmashtami, Diwali
8. Haryana - Baisaki
9. Himachal Pradesh - Maha Sivarathiri
10. Jammu and Kashmir - Eid-Ul-Fitr and Eid-ul-Azha
11. Jharkhand - Holi
12. Karnataka - Vgadi
13. Kerala - Onam
14. Madhya Predesh - Diwali
15. Maharastra - Ganesh Chaturthi
16. Manipur - Yaoshang
17. Meghalaya - Nongkrem Dance Festival
18. Mizoram - Chapachar kut Festival
19. Nagaland - Hombill Festival
20. Odisha - Raja Parba
21. Punjab - Lohri
22. Rajasthan - Gangaur Festival
23. Sikkim - Saga Dawa
24. Tamil Nadu - Pongal
25. Telangana - Bonalu
26. Tripura - Kashi puja
27. Uttra Pradesh - Navaratri
28. Uttarkhand - Ganga Dusshera
29. West Bengal - Durga Pooja

(i) The invention of wheel by human is considered to be the foremost invention,
(ii) The invention of wheel made pot making easier.
(iii) The wheel helps to man one place to another place.
(iv) It is used to transportation in trading goods.
(v) In modern days the wheel is most significance in Transport facilities.
(vi) It also used in function of machine in several factories