The main problems faced by the vendors are:
(i) Shops are usually temporary in structures.
(ii) Dismantling of their shops any time by the police.
(iii) They have no security.
(iv) There are certain parts of the city where these vendors are not allowed to enter

There are several reasons for which land records are compulsory. Suppose a farmer wants to buy a plot or field, then he needs to authenticate it, which can be done through the land records. If a farmer wants a loan from the bank to dig a well in his land, he has to show the land records as a proof that the land belongs to him. Moreover, these records are also essential for buying and selling of their properties. Apart from that, if the farmer wants to divide his property among his children then land records are essential.

Terrace farming is practiced in hilly areas. It helps in stopping soil erosion. The land is cut into steps. Sikkim and Nagaland are the two states where terrace farming is put to use extensively.

The sources of income of the Municipalities are very limited while the expenditure is more than the income. So, the State governments give grants to the Municipalities.

It is important to study about our past as it gives a lot of information regarding the political, social, economic and cultural life of the people in the earlier days. By studying about our past:
(i) We can find out about the eating habits, the clothing and housing pattern of the people of the earlier times.
(ii) We can gather information about the lives of hunters, farmers, merchants, priest, craftsmen, musicians, poets and scientists.
(iii) We can learn about the lives of children, the songs they sang, the plays they saw, the games that they played and the kind of toys with which they played.

As Harshavardhan's army will enter our village, they will be accompanied by musicians beating drums and other playing horns and trumpets. Our parents give them gifts, gur and flower and fodder for their animals. Later on they will meet the king and place their complaints and petitions before him. These complaints, are on the behalf of villagers.

The dates are 4700 years ago and 2500 years ago. We use the letters B.C. which means Before Christ

The horsts and graben are related with plateau. The uplifted blocks of plateau are termed as horsts while the lower blocks of plateau on the steep are called graben.

The pollutants present in water bodies are making it unsuitable for use. The discharge of waste material into lakes and rivers is making the water impure to use and it is also damaging other life.

The titles given to thematic maps are based on the information given in the map. They contain specific information like-networks of roads, distribution of forests, distribution of industries etc.

The various seasons of India are as follows:
Cold Weather Season (Winter) December to February
Hot Weather Season (Summer) March to May.
South-West Monsoon Season (Rainy) June to September
Season of Retreating Monsoon (Autumn) October and November.

Heat zones are the various zones on the Earth, where sun rays fall differently on them. The direct sun rays reach in the area of Torrid zone, while Temperate and Frigid zones receive slanting rays from the sun.
These cause different temperature among different zones.

Buddhism spread South Eastwards, to Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Thailand and other parts of the South-East Asia including Indonesia, because Buddhist monks travelled to these parts with merchants and traders, and exchanged their views with the people.
Even some rulers, like Ashoka took initiative to spread ideas of Buddhism in these areas. Ashoka sent messengers to spread Buddhism in Sri Lanka.

Sometimes people decide on the basis of what is found with the skeleton. For instance, if a skeleton is found with jewellery, it is sometimes thought to be that of a woman. However, there are problems with this, often men also wore ornaments like women. A better way of deciding the sex of a skeleton is to look at the bone structure. The hip or the pelvic area of women is generally larger to enable child bearing. This modern skeletal studies help us to determine correctly the sex of a skeleton.

The rings that appear around some planets are belts of small debris. These rings can be seen from the Earth through powerful telescope. The planets with these rings are Uranus, Jupiter and Saturn.

In Harappan civilisation, usually houses were either one or two storeys high, with rooms built around a courtyard.
Most houses had a separate bathing area and some had wells to supply water. Apart from these, Harappa had elaborated storehouses.

I think cowries and shells would have been used for exchange of goods and materials.

Slaves could join sangha, when they would get the permission of their masters. Buddhism did not believe in casteism. Any person who was ready to act on Buddhist rule could join sangha. But it was not always easy for the slaves to get the permission of their masters.

The tools such as knife or any sharp blade made of any hard metal, we use to cut the fruits now-a-days. Such knifes or sharp blades are usually made of iron and steel.

The advantages of writing on a hard surface are as follow:
(i) The hard surfaces are long-lasting.
(ii) They overcome all chances of destruction from all objects of nature i.e. wind, rain, sun etc.
(iii) They are preserved for future generations to know about our rich past and culture.
(iv) The insects could not eat such materials as they destroyed the manuscripts of the past.
The disadvantages of writing on hard surface are as follow:
(i) It is not easily portable.
(ii) Writing on hard surface is a very difficult task.
(iii) It needs much hard metal to write on the hard surface.
(iv) It requires a lot of time to complete the writing.