JE Purkinje coined the term protoplasm.

Plasma membrane is the outermost layer of cell in a cat (since, cat is an animal).

Eukaryotes are organisms which contain well organised nucleus with nuclear membrane, e.g. humans.
Prokaryotes are those organisms which contain the primitive nucleus (unorganised) without nuclear membrane, e.g. bacteria, blue-green algae.

Sketch of human nerve cell is shown as below

Functions of nerve Cells
The nerve cell receives and transfers messages from various body parts to brain and vice-versa and also helps in controlling and coordinating the function of different parts of the body.

Given figure in question, represents a plant cell. The various parts of plant cells are labelled as follows:

(a) The above diagram represents an animal cell because cell is bounded by cell membrane and cell wall is absent.
(b) The above diagram represents a eukaryotic cell as it has a well-organised nucleus and other cell organelles in it.

All living organisms are made up of similar or different types of cells. A single cell is capable of performing basic functions and activities and acts as unicellular organism, e.g. Amoeba, bacteria, etc.
Group of cells performing similar function is called tissue, group of tissues that performs a specialised function form an organ which collectively form organ system. Thus, cell is the basis of all levels of organisation and is called structural and functional unit of living organisms.

Parts of the Cell: The basic components of a cell are:
(i) Cell membrane
(ii) Cytoplasm
(iii) Nucleus
(i) Cell membrane : The cytoplasm and nucleus are enclosed within the cell membrane. It is also called plasma membrane. It separates cell from another cell and from the surrounding medium. It is porous in nature and allows movement of substance or material both inward and outward.
(ii) Cytoplasm: It is the jelly like substance present in between the cell membrane and the nucleus. Various other components, or organelles of cells are present in the cytoplasm. These are mitochondria, golgi bodies, ribosomes etc. (iii)Nucleus: It is an important component of the cell. It is generally spherical and located in the centre of the cell. It is surrounded by nuclear membrane. It is porous in nature. It has a smaller spherical body called nucleolus. The nucleus contains thread like structures called chromosomes. They carry genes and help in transferring the characteristics from parents to offsprings.