In the secondary activities or manufacturing there is change of raw materials into products of more value to people.
For example pulp changes into paper and paper into notebook. These represent the two stages of the manufacturing process.

Iron and steel industry is located at Jamshedpur due to the following factors:
(i) Manganese is obtained from Keonjhar district of Odisha.
(ii) Well-developed network of transport is available.
(iii) Kolkata provides port facilities.
(iv) Cheap and skilled labour is available from the nearby states.

Inputs, processes and outputs of a cotton textile industry are:
Inputs Cotton is the main raw material that is used in this industry. Other inputs needed are human labour, machinery, infrastructural facilities etc.
Process Process includes ginning or separating cotton from the seed, spinning, weaving, dyeing and printing.
Output The fabric that is manufactured by the factory is the output. For example shirts, sarees etc.

1. Iron ore: This is a very large deposit of low grade iron ore. Long-distance transportation of the ore would be uneconomic.
2. Coal: The only coalfield contains rich deposits of high grade coal. Transportation of the coal is by railway, which is relatively cheap.
3. Limestone: This is widely available over the island, but the purest deposits are in the Chuna Mountains.
4. Water: Both the tributaries of River Neel carry sufficient water to supply large iron and steel plant in all seasons. The sea water because of its high salt content is unsuitable.
5. Market: It is expected that the chief market for the Plant's products will be the engineering works of Rajdhanipur. Transport costs for the products mainly small steel bars and light steel plates would be relatively low.
6. Labour supply: This will have to be recruited mainly from the unskilled workers in the 3 fishing villages of Hil, Rah, and Sing. It is expected that most workers will commute daily from their present homes.
7. Port facilities: These are at present minimal. There is a good, deep natural harbour at port Paschimpur developed to import metal alloys.

The larger the pull, the higher the weighting.Looking at the above statistics, the steel plant should be located at site Y.

The iron and steel is called basic industry because all other industries depend on it for their machinery.
Steel is needed to manufacture a variety of engineering goods, construction material, defense, medical, telephones, scientific equipment and variety of consumer goods.
Iron and steel is a heavy industry because all the raw materials and finished goods are heavy. They are bulky also. They are entailing heavy transportation costs.
Iron one and limestone are required in high quantity