(i) The third son of Queen Victoria of Britain, Prince Arthur-the Duke of Connaught, seated on horseback, is depicted in this picture.
(ii) Old advertisements are important because they help us to understand how markets were created for new products at that time, and secondly, how new tastes were popularized among the people.
(iii) The advertisement of Lipton tea created in 1922 suggested that royalty all over the world consumed this tea.

Other than official records, biographies, memoirs, newspapers, autobiographies of prominent persons and records of travelers and pilgrims are other literary sources to know about the past events and history of a society.

 The effect of colonisation on India are as follows:
(i) The British came to our country and established their rule, subjugating local nawabs and rajas.
(ii) The British established control over the economy and society, collected revenue to meet all their expenses, bought the goods they wanted at low prices, produced crops they needed for export.
(iii) The British rule brought about the changes in values and tastes, customer and practices. It brought about the changes in the political, economic, social and cultural sphere.

Today, different types of surveys are done by government and private companies. Surveys can be done on the basis of demographic changes, incomes, employment, and interests, etc. Surveys can be done by questionnaire method or interview method. Governments find out about the information of young people in the school by the records and the records of school authorities.

James Mill divided Indian history into three periods-Hindu, Muslim and British. But this periodisation is not proper.
There were some problems with this periodisation as follows:
(i) It is improper to refer any period of history as 'Muslim' or 'Hindu' because a variety of faiths existed Simultaneously.
(ii) It is also not justified to characterise an age through the religion of the rulers of the time. During ancient period, all the rulers did not share the same faith.
(iii) Mill, through his periodisation suggested that only British rule could civilize India. He suggested that the British should conquer all the territories in India to ensure the enlightenment as if India was not capable of progress without British help.

(i) The report was published in 'The Hindustan Times' of 22 March, 1946.
(ii) This report was about a strike by policemen against the unhealthy food provided by the government.
(iii) The grievance of policemen was that the government did not treat them well and provided unhealthy and inedible food.
(iv)These type of literary sources provide the information about those events and activities that do not find mention in official records. These types of sources inform us about condition of contemporary society and events.

(i) History is a record of significant events that have occurred over a period of time or on a particular day in the past.
(ii) History is a subject which deals with past events, such as when a battle was fought, period of dynasties, when a king was crowned, birth of any religion and various other changes, etc.
(iii) History is also important to know the exact date and year of any particular event.
(iv) Hence, we continue to associate history with a string of dates, since details of any such events which have occurred in the past cannot be determined without referring to the specific dates. So, in other words, we can say that history is synonymous with dates.

Prince Arthur, the third son of Queen Victoria is seen in the picture. In the background of an Indian Palace, he is seen on a horseback.

Shastras to Britannia, frontispiece to the first map produced by James Rennel, 1782 Renne! was asked by Robert Clive to produce maps of Hindustan. An enthusiastic supporter of British conquest of India, Renne! saw the preparation of maps as essential to the process of domination. The picture here tries to suggest that Indians
willingly gave over their ancient texts to Britannia - the symbol of British power - as if asking her to become the protector of Indian culture.

Many historians have divided Indian history into ancient, medieval and modern. This periodisation has been borrowed from the West. 
According to them, a modern period was associated with the growth of science, reason, democracy, liberty, and equality. This view was accepted by the Western thinkers after the French Revolution.
Medieval period was a term used to describe a society where all these features of modern society did not exist.
If we accept this periodisation for our country, there must arise some problems. These are
We cannot justify the British Raj of India as the modern period.
At that time, people did not have equality, freedom or liberty. There was no economic growth and progress in the society.

(i) No, because they provide the views of people who are in power.
(ii) They are usually biased and provide only an official view of an incident, which cannot be deemed to be right source of information with common man's point of view.

During the British rule in India, people never enjoyed equality, freedom or liberty. During this period, Indian economy was exploited and channelized for the development of British economy. In history, this period of British rule has been termed as 'Colonial' by many historians.

When one country establishes control upon the economy and society of another country which leads to social, political, economic and cultural changes, then this process is known as colonization.

This term is used by Europeans for modernizing the people of Asia and Africa to whom they considered as belonging to inferior races.

The National Archives in India came up in 1920s and it is located in Delhi