The increase in the amount of CO₂ leads to increase in global temperatures. This is termed as Global Warming.

(i) India is a democratic country, where all the people have right to speak about the affairs of the government.
(ii) An attempt has been made in the Indian Constitution to incorporate the interests of all the religions.
(iii) Special provisions had been made for the interests of the minorities.
(iv) People are empowered to raise their voice on any issue with which they are not satisfied

As the earliest people gathered food, collected roots and fruits from the forest, and also hunted animals they were called skilled gatherers.

Samir Do did not attend school due to the following reasons:
(i) He had to earn his own livelihood and for his mother.
(ii) He did not have enough time to join a school.
No, I think it would have been difficult for him to attend school even if he wanted to. He would not get time to study in school while selling newspapers. He could find it difficult to pay the school fees.
In my opinion it is not a fair situation that some children go to school and others do not. Every child must go to school.

Battles were fought because:
(i) Land was important for pasture and for growing hardy crops that ripened quickly, such as barley. This is why battles were fought for the land.
(ii) Some battles were also fought for water and to capture people.
(iii) Battles were fought to capture cattle also.

An artificial or man-made satellite is made for the purpose to gather information about outer space and Earth's atmosphere. Some satellites are made for communication purpose and to predict weather also. It makes artificial satellites important to us.

The local bodies that look after the problems of the urban areas are:
(i) Municipal Corporations,
(ii) Municipalities, and
(ii)Town Area Committees.
(i) Municipal Corporations: These are the local governing bodies of big cities such as Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata, Chennai, etc. The main functions of the Municipal Corporations are providing public health and sanitation, making arrangement for vaccination, supply of safe drinking water, clearing and disposal of garbage, cleaning roads, drains and public toilets.
(ii) Municipalities: Smaller towns and cities with population ranging between 20,000-5,00,000have Municipalities as the local government body.
(iii)Town Area Committees: Municipalities and Municipal Corporations carry their day-to-day work with the help of a number of committees such as the Education Committee, the Public Health Committee and the District Planning Committee.

Lothal to Mohanjodaro's journey will be done on bullock carts along the dusty roads. My parents will carry food, water and clothes. In Mohanjodaro, I would see:
(i) Citadels
(ii) Big storehouses
(iii)A great tank i.e., the Great Bath
(iv) Wells
(v) Streets with covered drains
(vi) Houses of one or two storeys.

Besides voting, there are other ways of participating in the process of government.
(i) People participate by taking an interest in the working of the government and by criticising it when required.
(ii) Sometimes people take out rallies and also organise signature campaign. Things that are unfair and unjust are also brought forward through rallies, dharnas, strikes etc.
(iii) Now, magazines, newspapers and TV also play a role in discussing government issues and responsibilities.
(iv) Another way for people to participate is by organising themselves into social movements that seek to challenge the government and its functioning. Members of the minority community, dalits, adivasis, women and others are often able to participate in this manner.
If we see a rally winding through the streets ot our cities and towns or villages, we should pause to find out what the rally is about, who is participating in it, and what they are protesting about.Thus, this will help to give us a sense of how our government works.

(i) Indian ocean The Indian ocean is the only ocean named after a country, India. The shape of this ocean is almost triangular. It is bound by Asia in the North, in the West by Africa and in the East by Australia. (ii) Pacific ocean The Pacific ocean is the largest ocean. It is spread over one-third of the earth. The Pacific ocean is almost circular in shape. Asia, Australia, North America and South America surround it.
(iii) Arctic ocean It is connected with the Pacific ocean by a narrow stretch of shallow water called Berring strait.
The Arctic ocean is located within the Arctic Circle and surrounds the North Pole. It is bound by Northern coasts of North America and Eurasia.
(iv) Antarctic ocean The Southern ocean encircles the continent of Antarctica and extends northward to 60 degrees South latitude. Most of the time, it is covered with thick ice.

Forests are home to a variety of wildlife. There are thousands of species of animals and a large variety of reptiles, amphibians, mammals, birds, insects and worms which dwell in the forest. The tiger is our national animal. It is found in various parts of the country. Gir forest in Gujarat is the home of Asiatic lions.
Elephants and one-horned rhinoceroses roam in the forests of Assam. Elephants are also found in Kerala and Karnataka. Camels and wild asses are found in the the Great Indian desert and the Rann of Kuchchh. India is equally rich in bird life. The peacock is our national bird. There are several bird sanctuaries which have been created to give birds their natural habitat.

(i) Bowls are the earthern pots made out of Painted Grey Ware.
(ii) These bowls were used on special occasions, for important people, and to serve special food.