The amount from the income which is left for future needs after consumption is called savings.

(i) The Constitution is an authentic document containing the basic ideas, principles and laws of a country.
(ii) It also defines the rights and duties of the citizens.
(iii) The laws governing a country originate from the Constitution.
(iv) Every country is ruled on the basis of its Constitution.

(i) Pongal
(ii) Deepavali
(iii) Holi

(i) Tamil Literature
(ii) Accounts of foreign travellers
(iii) Archaeological finds provide us information about the ancient town of Tamilagam.

(i) Indus people were great traders.
(ii) There is evidence for extensive maritime trade with Mesopotamia. Indus seals have been found as for as Mesopotamia which are modern day Iraq, Kuwait and parts of syria.
(iii) King -Naram-Sin of Akkadian Empire (Sumerian) has written about buying jewellery from the land of Melukha (a region in the Indus Valley).
(iv) Cylindrical seals similar to those found in Persian Gulf and Mesopotamia have also been found in the Indus area.
(v) A naval dockyard has been discovered in Lothal. It shows the maritime activities of the Indus people.

Archaeology is the study of pre historic humans remained materials used by pre historic humans.

(i) Potteries
(ii) Toys
(iii) Tools
(iv) Ornaments

The statement is true, because, at the poles the distance around the earth is zero, and zero divided by 24 hours result in a speed is zero.
\(\therefore \text { Velocity }=\frac{\text { Distance }(0)}{\text { Time }(24)}=\frac{0}{24}=0\)

(i) Though, human beings are basically natural resources, we classify human beings separately.
(ii) Education health, knowledge and skill have made them a valuable resource.
(iii) Eg: Doctors, Teachers, Scientists.

a. Mercury
b. Jupiter
c. Uranus
d. Mars

Agriculture was one of their occupation:
(i) Granaries were used to store food grains.
(ii) The remains of wheat, barley, millets, sesame and pulses have been found there.
(iii) A granary with walls made of mud bricks, which are still in a good condition, has been discovered in Rakhigarhi, a village in Haryana, belonging to mature Harappan phase.

The remedial measures for abolishing inequality and discrimination in Indian society are as follows.
(i) Wider access to quality based services like healthcare and education for all.
(ii) Be aware of current gender bias.
(iii) Make women more visible in public life and institution to eradicate gender disparity.
(iv) Be open to learning about other religions.
(v) Promoting community dining in the classroom may help the students to sit together without any bias of caste, religion or gender.
(vi) Socialise with people of all types outside home.
(vii) Effective implementation of laws.

Some common social factors. that contributes to the rise of prejudice are
(i) Socialisation
(ii) Conforming behaviours
(iii) Economic benefits
(iv) Authorita, rian personality
(v) Ethno-cntrism
(vi) Group losure
(vii) Conflicts

(i) The different forms of inequalities such as caste inequality, religious inequality, race inequality or gender inequality give rise to discrimination.
(ii) Discrimination can happen on the basis of colour, class, religion gender etc.
(iii) Treating dark-skinned people differently from fair-skinned people, giving more importance to people of higher than to those of lower caste and thinking boys are smarter than girls are all thoughts of discrimination.
(iv) Article 15(1) of the constitution states that the State not to discriminate against any citizen on grounds only of religion, race, caste, sex, place of birth or any of them.

(i) The important features of the pacific ocean:
(ii) The pacific ocean is the largest and deepest ocean on the earth.
(iii) It covers about one-third of the earth's total area and spreads for about 168.72 million sq.km
(iv) This oceans shape is roughly triangular with its apex in the north at the bering strait which connects the pacific ocean with the arctic ocean.
(v) The bering sea, the china sea and the Philippines sea, the sea of Japan and Tasman sea are some of the marginal seas of the pacific ocean.
(vi) Indonesia, philippines, japan, hawaii, newzealand are some of the islands located in this ocean.
(vii) The deepest point mariana trench is 10,994m and is located in the pacific ocean.
(viii) A chain of volcanoes is located around the pacific ocean called the pacific ring of fire.