Question Set D

cbse 10th Standard Science Control and Coordination Important Questions And Answers Study Material - QB365

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Questions:

Generic 2

6 x 2 = 12

Name the element of halogen family required for the proper functioning of thyroid gland.

Three metals looks similar in the lab and they are zinc, magnesium and aluminium. A student wants to confirm the identity of each metal. How can he use the reactivity test to do so?

Why is aluminium extracted from alumina (Al₂O₃) by electrolytic reduction and not by reducing with carbon?

Differentiate between tropic and nastic movements in plants. Give one example of each.

Which part of the brain maintains posture and equilibrium of the body?

Which metals do not corrode easily?

Multiple Choice Question

10 x 1 = 10

Iodine is necessary for thyroid gland to make thyroxin hormone which regulates

(a)

Carbohydrate metabolism

(b)

Protein metabolism

(c)

Fat metabolism

(d)

All of these

Two plant hormones which regulate growth of plant are:

(a)

Cytokinin and Auxin

(b)

Abscisic acid and Auxin

(c)

Auxin and Gibberellin

(d)

All of these

Directional movements can be:

(a)

Towards stimulus

(b)

Away from stimulus

(c)

Either (a) or (b)

(d)

Towards sun/roots/etc.

10.

Cu + 2Ag(NO₃)₂ \(\longrightarrow \) CU(NO₃)₂ + 2Ag
Pb + CU(NO₃)₂ \(\longrightarrow \) Pb(NO₃)₂ + Cu
Zn + Pb(NO₃)₂ \(\longrightarrow \) Zn(NO₃)₂ + Pb
The most reactive metal is

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

11.

Although metals form basic oxides, which of the following metals form an amphoteric oxide?

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

12.

Stainless steel is very useful material for our life. In stainless steel, iron is mixed with

(a)

Ni and Cr

(b)

Cu and Cr

(c)

Ni and Cu

(d)

Cu and Au

13.

Metals are refined by using different methods. Which of the following metals are refined by electrolytic refining?
(i) Au (ii) Cu (iii) Na (iv) K

(a)

(i) and (ii)

(b)

(i) and (iii)

(c)

(ii) and (iii)

(d)

(iii) and (iv)

14.

The growth of tendril in pea plants is due to

(a)

Effect of light

(b)

Effect of gravity

(c)

Rapid cell divisions in tendrillar cells that are away from the support

(d)

Rapid cell divisions in tendrillar cells in contact with the support

15.

The gap between two neurons is called as

(a)

Dendrite

(b)

Synapse

(c)

Axon

(d)

Impulse

16.

Which of the following methods is suitable for preventing an iron frying pan from rusting?

(a)

Applying grease

(b)

Applying paint

(c)

Applying a coating of zinc

(d)

All of the above

Generic 3

6 x 3 = 18

17.

Following are the two examples of plant movement.

(i) Which stimulus is common for movement in both the cases?
(ii) Does the movement take place towards the point where stimulus is received? Mention separately for both plants.
(iii) Give one reason for the movement in each case.

18.

Discuss the functioning of muscles under the nervous control

19.

You are given samples of three metals. Sodium, magnesium and copper. Suggest any two activities to arrange them in order of decreasing activity.

20.

(a) Define activity series of metals. Arrange the metals gold, copper, iron and magnesium in order of their increase in reactivity.
(b) What will you observe when:
(i) Some zinc pieces are put in copper sulphate solution.
(ii) Some silver pieces are put into green coloured ferrous sulphate solution.

21.

What is the function of receptors in our body? Think of situations where receptors do not work properly. What problems are likely to arise?

22.

Differentiate between metals and non-metals on the basis of their chemical properties.

Generic 5

2 x 5 = 10

23.

(i) Name the disorder which a person is likely to suffer from due to the following
(a) Over-secretion of growth hormone.
(b) Deficiency of oestrogen in females.
(c) Less secretion of thyroxine.
Also, name the gland that secretes each of the hormones.
(ii) How is the timing and amount of hormone released regulated? Explain with the help of an example.

24.

Give reasons for the following:
(i) Silver and copper lose their shine when they are exposed to air. Name the substance formed on their surface in-each case.
(ii) Tarnished copper vessels are cleaned with tamarind juice.
(iii) Aluminium is more reactive than iron, yet there is less corrosion of aluminium as compared to iron when both are exposed to air.

Activity Based Questions

2 x 2 = 4

25.

Look at Fig

1.Identify the endocrine glands mentioned in the figure.
2. Some of these glands have been discussed in the text. Consult books in the library and discuss with your teachers to find out about the functions of other glands.

26.

1. Collect all the metal samples except sodium and potassium again. If the samples are tarnished, rub them clean with sand paper.
CAUTION:
Do not take sodium and potassium as they react vigorously even with cold water.
2. Put the samples separately in test tubes containing dilute hydrochloric acid.
3. Suspend thermometers in the test tubes, so that their bulbs are dipped in the acid.
4. Observe the rate of formation of bubbles carefully.
5. Which metals reacted vigorously with dilute hydrochloric acid?
6. With which metal did you record the highest temperature?
7. Arrange the metals in the decreasing order of reactivity with dilute acids.

Assertion and reason

2 x 1 = 2

27.

Assertion: Non-metals are electronegative in nature.
Reason: They have tendency to lose electrons.
Codes
(a) Both A and R are true, and R is correct explanation of the assertion.
(b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of the assertion.
(c) A is true, but R is false.
(d) A is false, but R is true.

28.

Assertion: Gustatory receptor detect taste while olfactory receptors detect smell.
Reason: Receptors helps in detecting the environment, they are present on the nerve cells.
Codes
(a) If both assertion and reason are true and the reason is correct explanation of assertion.
(b) If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not a correct explanation of assertion.
(c) If assertion is true and reason is false.
(d) If both assertion and reason are false.

Case Study Questions

1 x 4 = 4

29.

Two students decided to investigate the effect of water and air on iron object under identical experimental conditions. They measured the mass of each object before placing it partially immersed in 10 ml of water. After a few days, the object were removed, dried and their masses were measured. The table shows their results.

Student	Object	Mass of object before rusting in g	Mass of the coated object in g
A	Nail	3.0	3.15
B	Thin plate	6.0	6.33

(i) What might be the reason for the varied observations of the two students?
(ii) In another set up the students coated iron nails with zinc metal and noted that, iron nails coated with zinc prevents rusting. They also observed that zinc initially acts as a physical barrier, but an extra advantage of using zinc is that it continues to prevent rusting even, if the layer of zinc is damaged. Name this process of rust prevention and give any two other methods to prevent rusting.
(iii) In which of the following applications of Iron, rusting will occur most? Support your answer with valid reason.
A. Iron bucket electroplated with zinc.
B. Electricity cables having iron wires covered with aluminium.
C. Iron hinges on a gate.
D. Painted iron fence.
Or
(iii) How is pure iron used for making different alloys?

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Answers Key:

Generic 2

6 x 2 = 12

Iodine is the halogen element necessary for the making of thyroxine hormone by the thyroid gland, which prevents the formation of goitre.

The student can take three test tubes containing zinc sulphate and add a small piece of each metal in it. The test tube in which no reaction takes place has zinc metal. To identify the aluminium metal, take two test tubes and add aluminium sulphate in it. Now add magnesium in one and aluminium in the other test tube. The one in which there is no reaction, the aluminium metal was added in it.

The bond between aluminium and oxygen is much stronger for carbon to reduce oxygen from it. Hence carbon cannot be used as reducing agent. To reduce alumina (Al₂O₃) so as to obtain aluminium, electrolytic reduction is done, with the help of electricity, aluminium and oxygen are separated and aluminium is obtained at cathode.

Tropic Movement : It is the movement of plants towards stimulus.
Example - stem growth, root growth, pollen tube growth etc.
nastic Movement : Which the movement of plant is neither towards nor away from the stimulus, it is called nastic movement.
Example : Movement in the leaves of touch me not plants in which leaves fold when touched

Cerebellum is the part of hindbrain that maintains posture and equilibrium of the body.

Metals present at the bottom of the reactivity series do not corrode easily, e.g. gold, silver, platinum etc.

Multiple Choice Question

10 x 1 = 10

(d)
All of these

(d)
All of these

10.

(d)
Zn

11.

12.

(a)
Ni and Cr

13.

(a)
(i) and (ii)

14.

15.

(b)
Synapse

16.

Generic 3

6 x 3 = 18

17.

(i) In both the cases stimulus of touch is same.
(ii) In the mimosa plant, the movements of leaves are in the opposite direction to the touch. On touching the leaves, they curl up towards the stem.
This is because plant cell change, their shape by changing the amount of the water in them. This happen due to swelling or shrinking of cell.
In case of the pea, plant tendrils cling over the object or the support so the movement takes places in the direction of the stimulus.
(iii) In mimosa plant, this movement is seen because of the change in concentration of water in the leaves.
In pea plant, this movement is seen because of the rapid growth of that part of a tendril which is away from the stimulus or the support.

18.

Muscle tissues have special filaments called actin and myosin. When a muscle receives "a nerve signal a series of events is triggered in the muscle. Calcium ions enter the muscle cells. It results in actin and myosin filaments sliding towards each other and that is how a muscle contracts. Contraction in a muscle brings movement in the related organ.

19.

Activity:
Sodium reacts with cold water vigorously to form sodium hydroxide and hydrogen gas
2Na(s) + 2H₂O(l).\(\longrightarrow \) 2NaOH(aq) + H₂(g)
cold
Magnesium does not react with cold water but with hot water to form magnesium hydroxide and hydrogen gas.
Mg(s) + 2H₂O(l) \(\longrightarrow \) Mg(OH)₂(aq) + H₂(g)
(hot)
Copper does not react even with steam.
Hence sodium is more reactive than magnesium which is more reactive than copper.

20.

(a) The series of metals in which metals are arranged in decreasing order of their reactivity. Au < Cu < Fe < Mg is increasing order of reactivity.
(b) (i) The blue solution will become colourless and reddish brown copper metal will be deposited.
Zn(s) + CuSO₄(aq) \(\longrightarrow \) ZnSO₄(aq) + Cu(s)
Blue colourless (reddish brown)
(ii) Ag(s) + FeSO₄(aq) \(\longrightarrow \) No reaction
Reaction will not take place-because 'Ag' is less reactive than iron

21.

The function of receptors in our body is very important as they collect informations about changes in the environment around us. Receptors then pass the same information in the form of nerve impulse to the central nervous system, where the information is processed and the ultimate response is given. Now, for example, if the gustatory receptors of our tongue do not work properly, we will not be able to know the taste of different types of foods (whether it is sweet, salty, sour or bitter, etc.)

22.

Chemical Properties	Metals	Non-metals
Formation of ions	They are electropositive elements, lose electron(s) and form cations,e.g. Na \(\rightarrow\) Na⁺ + e^-	They are electronegative elements, gain electron(s) and form anions. Cl + e^- \(\rightarrow\) Cl^-
Discharge of ions	Discharge at the cathode during electrolysis of their Compound. At cathode, Na⁺ + e^- \(\rightarrow\) Na Cation	Liberated at anode during electrolysis. Except hydrogen, Iiberated at cathode. At cathode, 2H⁺ + 2e^- \(\rightarrow\) H₂ \(\uparrow\)
Reducing or Oxidising agent	They are reducing agents as they donate electrons during chemical reaction.	They are oxidising agents, as they accept electrons during chemical reaction.
Nature of Oxides	Metallic oxides are basic. Some of them dissolves in water forming alkaline solution,e.g.Basic oxide: K₂O, Na₂O, CaO, MgO and CuO Amphoteric oxide : Al₂O₃, PbO and ZnO	Non-metallic oxides are acidic in nature. Acidic oxide : CO₂,SO₂, SO₃, NO₂ and P₂O₅ Neutral oxide: CO, NO, N₂O and H₂O
Reaction with acids	Active metals react with dil. HCl/H₂SO₄ to yield H₂ gas and salts. M + 2HCl \(\rightarrow\) MCl₂ + H₂ \(\uparrow\)	Non-metals do not react with dilute acids, as they cannot replace H⁺ ion from an acid to form salt.

Generic 5

2 x 5 = 10

23.

(i)

	Disorders	Glands
(a)	Gigantism	Pituitary gland
(b)	Feebly growth in sexual characters	Ovary
(c)	Goitre	Thyroid gland

(ii) The timing and amount of hormone release are regulated by feedback mechanism. Example: If sugar level in blood rises they are detected by the cells of the pancreas which respond by producing more insulin. As the blood sugar falls insulin secretion is reduced.

24.

(i) These metals get corroded. Silver forms black Ag₂S (silver sulphide) and copper form greenish layer of CuCO₃(copper carbonate).
(ii) Tamarind contains acid which reacts with basic copper carbonate and product gets dissolved and removed from copper vessel.
(iii) Aluminium forms oxide layer on its surface which does not further react with air

Activity Based Questions

2 x 2 = 4

25.

Endocrine glands in human beings (a) female, (b) male
(i) Identify the endocrine glands mentioned in the figure and give function of these glands.

Gland	Secretion	Hormone function
l. Pituitary gland	Growth hormone	Regulates the growth.
2. Hypothalamus	Releasing hormone	Regulates the secretion ofhormones from pituitary gland.
3. Thyroid	Thyroxine	Controls metabolic rates of carbohydrates, fats and protein
4. Parathyroid	(i) Calcitonin (ii) Parathormone	Lowers blood calcium level Increases calcium and decreases phosphate level
5. Adrenal	adrenaline	Increases heart beat rate, blood pressure
6. Pancreas	(i) Insulin (ii) Glucagon	Decreases blood glucose Increases blood sugar level
7. Testis	Testosterone	Regulates the male secondary sexual characteristics
8. Ovary	Progesterone and estrogen	Controls development of female sex organs, ovulation etc.
9. Thymus	Thymosin	Produces immunity
10. Pineal	Melatonin	Stimulates muscle Contraction

26.

Metal	Reaction with HCl	Reaction	Rate of reaction
Mg	dil. HCI	Mg + 2HCI\(\rightarrow\) MgCl2 + H2	Very fast
Al	dil. HCI	2Al + 6HCI \(\rightarrow\) 2AlCl3 + 3H2	Fast
Zn	dil. HCI	Zn + 2HCl \(\rightarrow\) ZnCl2 + H2	Fast
Fe	dil. HCI	Fe + 2HCI \(\rightarrow\) FeCl2 + H2	Slow
Cu	dil. HCI	No reaction	-

Assertion and reason

2 x 1 = 2

27.

(c): Non-metals have a tendency to gain electrons.

28.

(a) If both assertion and reason are true and the reason is correct explanation of assertion.

Case Study Questions

1 x 4 = 4

29.

(i) The main reason for varied observations of the two students is rusting that occured in both A and B. So, there is an increase in mass in both the cases. However, the surface area of B is more thus, extent of rusting is more.
(ii) This process is named as galvanisation which is used for rust prevention Oiling and greasing are other two methods used to prevent rusting.
(iii) The rusting will occur most is in iron hinges which are present on a gate. This is due to the fact that iron is in direct contact with both atmospheric oxygen and moisture or water vapours. In rest of the applications, rusting will be occur at very slow rate.
Or
Alloying is a process of mixing of other metals to a particular metal so that its properties can be improved. Iron is soft in its pure state. It can be mixed easily with other element to make desired substance. e.g. Steel is an alloy of iron and carbon.

cbse 10th Standard Science Control and Coordination Important Questions And Answers Study Material - QB365 Set D

QB365 Student Learing Managemnet System

Std: 10th Standard CBSE - Science

chapter: Control and Coordination - Important Questions And Answers

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Questions:

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