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Published on: 05/09/2019
Coordinate Geometry
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1.
The base BC of an equilateral triangle ABC lies on y-axis. The coordinates of point C are (0,-3). The origin is the mid-point of the base. Find the coordinates of the points A and B. Also find the coordinates of another point D such that BACD is a rhombus.
2.
Prove that (2,-2),(-2,1) and (5,2) are vertices of a right-angled triangle. Find the area of the triangle and the length of the hypotenuse.
3.
Find the coordinates of the points of trisection of the line segment joining (4,-1) and (-2,-3)
4.
Find the distance between the following pairs of points: (2,3),(4,1)
5.
If the point (0, 0), (1, 2) and (x, y) are collinear, then find x.
6.
What is the distance between the points \((10\ { 30° } ,0)\) and \((0,\ 10\ \cos{ 60° } )\) ?
7.
Find the centroid of a triangle whose vertices are (3, -7), (-8, 6) and (5, 10).
8.
Find the perpendicular distance of A(5, 12) from the Y-axis.
9.
Find the value of x for which the distance between the points P(2,-3) and Q(x,5) is 10 units.
10.
If the vertices of a triangle are (8,7), (8,-2) and (2,-2), then find the coordinates of its centroid.
11.
Find the perimeter of the triangle with vertices (0,6), (0,0) and (8,0)
12.
Find the value of p for which the point (-1,3), (2,p) and (5,-1) are collinear.
13.
Find the distance between the points (0, 5) and (-5, 0).
14.
If the point C(-1,2) divides the line segment AB in the ratio 3:4, where the coordinates of A are (2,5), find the coordinates of B.
15.
If origin is the mid-point of the line segment joined by the points (2, 3) and (x, y), then find the values of x and y.
16.
Point (m, 2) lies on the line 3x - 8y = 2, find the value of m.
17.
Find the distance between (-5, 0) and (5, 0).
18.
Find the coordinates of the point which divides the line segment joining the points (4,-3) and (8,5) in the ratio 3:1 internally.
19.
Show that the points A(2,-2), B(14,10), C(11,13) abd D(-1,1) are the vertices of a rectangle
20.
A circle has its centre at the origin and a point P(5,0) lies on it. The point Q(6,8) lies outside the circle. State whether true or false. Justify your answer.
21.
Find the coordinate of a point in x-axis which divides line segment joining the points (-2,-3) and (1,6) in ration 1 : 2.
22.
Find the value of 's' if the points P(1,0) is equidistant from Q(3,s) and R(s,-3).
23.
Points P,Q,R and S divide the line segment joining the points A(1,2) and B(6,7) in 5 equal parts. Find the coordinates of the points P,Q and R.
24.
Determine, whether the triangle whose vertices are given is isosceles: (10, -18), (3, 6) and (-5, 2).
25.
If two vertices of an equilateral triangle are (0,0), \((3,\sqrt3)\) find the area of the triangle.
26.
In the fourth quadrant for a point, the abscissa is ....... and the ordinate is ........
27.
Coordinate geometry is ........ tool for studying geometry.
1.
Since O is mid point of BC and coordinates of C are (0.-3)
Coordinate of B are (0,3)
Now, AO will be the perpendicular bisector of BC. Therefore, A will lie on x-axis. Let coordinates of A are (x, 0).
Now AB=BC
\(\Rightarrow \) \(\sqrt { (x-0)^{ 2 }+(0-3)^{ 2 } } =6\)
\(\sqrt { { x }^{ 2 }+9 } =6\)
x2 +9 =36
\(\Rightarrow \) x2 =27 x=\(\pm \) 3 \(\sqrt 3\)
Coordinates of A are or (3\(\sqrt 3\),0) or (-3\(\sqrt 3\) ,0)
When A is ,(3\(\sqrt 3\) ,0)then D will be (-3\(\sqrt 3\) ,0) so that BACD is a rhombus
2.
Let P(2, - 2). Q (-2. l) and R(5, 2) are vertices of the right-angled triangle.
PQ = \(\sqrt { (-2-2)^{ 2 }+[1=(-2)]^{ 2 } } \)
= \(\sqrt { 16+9 } \) =\(\sqrt { 25 } \)=5 units
QR= \(\sqrt { [5-(-2)]^{ 2 }+(2-1)^{ 2 } } \)
\(\sqrt { { 7 }^{ 2 }+1^{ 2 } } =\sqrt { 49+1 } =\sqrt { 50 } \) units
PR= \(\sqrt { (2-5)^{ 2 }+(-2-2)^{ 2 } } \)
= \(\sqrt { { 3 }^{ 2 }+4^{ 2 } } =\sqrt { 9+6 } \)
= \(\sqrt { 25 } \) =5 units
PQ2+PR2=52+52 =50 =QR2
\(\therefore \triangle \) PQR is right angled traingle
Hypotenuse =\(\sqrt { 50 } \) units =5 \(\sqrt { 2 } \)units
Area of \(\triangle \) PQR
=\(\frac { 1 }{ 2 } \) |x1(y2-y3)+x2(y3-y2)+x3(y1-y2)|
= \(\frac { 1 }{ 2 } \)|2(1-2)+(-2){2-(-2)}+5(-2-1)|
= \(\frac { 1 }{ 2 } \)2(-1)+(-2)(4)+5(-3)|
= \(\frac { 1 }{ 2 } \) |-25|=\(\frac { 25 }{ 2 } \) sq.units
3.
Let points P and Q trisect the line joining the points.

∴ AP=PQ=QB
P divides AB in the ration 1:2 and Q divides AB in the ration 2:1
P (coordinate x) = \(\frac { 1\times \left( -2 \right) +2\times 4 }{ 1+2 } =\frac { 6 }{ 3 } \)=2; P (coordinate y) = \(\frac { 1\times \left( -3 \right) +2\times \left( -1 \right) }{ 1+2 } =-\frac { 5 }{ 3 } \)
The coordinates of P are \(\left( 2,\frac { 5 }{ 3 } \right) \)
Q(x-coordinate) = \(\frac { 2\times \left( -2 \right) +1\times \left( 4 \right) }{ 2+1 } =-\frac { -4+4 }{ 3 } =0\) Q(y-coordinates) = \(\frac { 2\times \left( -3 \right) +1\times \left( -1 \right) }{ 2+1 } =-\frac { -7 }{ 3 } \)
The coordinates of Q are \(\left( 0,-\frac { 7 }{ 3 } \right) \).
4.
Let A(2, 3) and B(4, 1) be the given points.
Here, x1 = 2, y1 = 3 and x2 = 4, y2 = 1
Now, AB = \(\sqrt{\left(x_2-x_1\right)^2+\left(y_2-y_1\right)^2}\)
[by distance formula]
\(\begin{aligned} & =\sqrt{(4-2)^2+(1-3)^2} \end{aligned}\)
\(\begin{aligned} & =\sqrt{(2)^2+(-2)^2}=\sqrt{4+4}=\sqrt{8}=2 \sqrt{2} \text { units } \end{aligned}\)
5.
\(\therefore \quad \frac { 1 }{ 2 } \left[ { { x }_{ 1 }\left( { y }_{ 2 }-{ y }_{ 3 } \right) +{ x }_{ 2 }\left( { y }_{ 3 }-{ y }_{ 1 } \right) +{ x }_{ 3 }\left( { y }_{ 1 }-{ y }_{ 2 } \right) } \right] =0\)
\(\Rightarrow \quad \frac{1}{2}[0(2-y)+1(y-0)+x(0-2)]=0\)
\(\Rightarrow \quad \frac { 1 }{ 2 }[y-2x]=0\)
\(\Rightarrow \quad 2x-y=0\)
6.
Here, x1 = \(10\ \cos { 30° } \), y1=0 and x2=0, y2=\(10\).\( \cos { 60° } \)
Distance between the points = \(\sqrt { { \left( 0-10\quad \cos { 30° } \right) }^{ 2 }+{ \left( 10\quad \cos { 60° } -0 \right) }^{ 2 } } \) [\(\because \) distance=\(\sqrt { { \left( { x }_{ 2 }-{ x }_{ 1 } \right) }^{ 2 }-{ \left( { y }_{ 2 }-{ y }_{ 1 } \right) }^{ 2 } } \)]
\(=\sqrt { { \left( 10 \right) }^{ 2 }{ \left( \frac { \sqrt { 3 } }{ 2 } \right) }^{ 2 }+{ \left( 10 \right) }^{ 2 }{ \left( \frac { 1 }{ 2 } \right) }^{ 2 } } =\sqrt { \frac { 300 }{ 4 } +\frac { 100 }{ 4 } } \quad \left[ \because \quad \cos { 30° } =\frac { \sqrt { 3 } }{ 2 } \quad and\quad \cos { 60° } =\frac { 1 }{ 2 } \right] \)
\(=\sqrt { \frac { 400 }{ 4 } } =\sqrt { 100 } =10\) units
7.
Here, (x1, y1)=(3, -7), (x2, y2) = (-8, 6) and (x3, y3) = (5, 10)
\(\therefore \) Coordinates of the centroid of a triangle are \(\left( \frac { 3-8+5 }{ 3 } ,\frac { -7+6+10 }{ 3 } \right) \) i.e. (0, 3).
\(\therefore\) centroid of triangle\(=\left( \frac { { x }_{ 1 }+{ x }_{ 2 }+{ x }_{ 3 } }{ 3 } ,\frac { { y }_{ 1 }+{ y }_{ 2 }+{ y }_{ 3 } }{ 3 } \right) \)
8.
It is clear from the figure, perpendicular distance of A from the Y-axis is 5 units.

9.
Here, |PQ|=10
⇒ PQ2=100
⇒ (x-2)2+(5+3)2=100
⇒ x2-4x+4+64=100
⇒ x2-4x-32=0
⇒ (x-8)(x+4)=0
⇒ x=8 or -4
Hence, the values of x are -4 and 8
10.
Coordinates of the centroid are :
\(\left( \frac { 8+8+2 }{ 3 } ,\frac { 7-2-2 }{ 3 } \right) i.e.,(6,1)\)
11.

\(AB=\sqrt { \left( 0-0 \right) ^{ 2 }+\left( 6-0 \right) ^{ 2 } } =6\quad units\\ BC=\sqrt { \left( 8-0 \right) ^{ 2 }+\left( 0-0 \right) ^{ 2 } } =8\quad units\\ AC=\sqrt { \left( 0-8 \right) ^{ 2 }+\left( 6-0 \right) ^{ 2 } } =10\quad units\)
∴ Perimeter of ΔABC=6+8+10=24 units
12.
∵ P(-1,3), Q(2,p) and C(5,-1) are colinear
∴ x1(y2-y3)+x2(y3-y1)+x3(y1-y2)=0
⇒ -1{p-(-1)}+2(-1-3)+5(3-p)=0 ⇒ -1(p+1)+2(-4)+5(3-p)=0
⇒ -p-1-8+15-5p =0 ⇒ -6p+6=0 ⇒ -6p=-6 ⇒ p=1
13.
\(5\sqrt { 2 }\ \ units\)
14.

\(\frac { 3\times x+4\times 2 }{ 3+4 } =-1\ \Rightarrow \ \frac { 3x+8 }{ 7 } =-1\)
3x+8=-7 ⇒ 3x=-15
x=-5
∴ Coordinates of B are(-5,-2).
\(\frac { 3\times y+4\times 2y5 }{ 3+4 } =2\ \Rightarrow \ \frac { 3y+20 }{ 7 } =2\)
3y+20=14 ⇒ 3y=14-20
3y=-6 ⇒ y=-2.
15.
(-2, -3)
16.
m = 6
17.
5 units
18.
Let coordinates of the required point be R(x, y) this means R divides the join of P(4, -3) and Q(8, 5) in the ratio 3:1 internally.

Using the formula for internal division.
\(\left( \frac { { kx }_{ 2 }+{ x }_{ 1 } }{ k+1 } ,\frac { { ky }_{ 2 }+{ y }_{ 1 } }{ k+1 } \right) \)
\(x=\frac { 3(8)+1(4) }{ 3+1 } =\frac { 24+4 }{ 4 } =\frac { 28 }{ 4 } =7\) and \( y=\frac { 3(5)+1(-3) }{ 3+1 } =\frac { 15-3 }{ 4 } =\frac { 12 }{ 4 } =3\)
Thus, the coordinates of R (7, 3) divides PQ in the ratio 3:1.
19.

\(AB=\sqrt { (14-{ 2) }^{ 2 }+(10+2)^{ 2 } } =12\sqrt { 2 } units\)
\(BC=\sqrt { (11-{ 14) }^{ 2 }+(13-10)^{ 2 } } =3\sqrt { 2 } units\)
\(CD=\sqrt { (-1-{ 11) }^{ 2 }+(1-13)^{ 2 } } =12\sqrt { 2 } units\)
\(AD=\sqrt { (-1-{ 2) }^{ 2 }+(1+2)^{ 2 } } =3\sqrt { 2 } units\)
⇒ AB=CD and BC = AD
∴ ABCD is a || gm
Now, \(AC=\sqrt { (11-2)^{ 2 }+({ 13+2) }^{ 2 } } =\sqrt { 306 } \)
⇒ AC2=306 units, AB2 = 288 units, BC2 =18 units
AB2+BC2=306 units
⇒ AC2=AB2+BC2⇒∠ABC = 900
⇒ ABCD is a rectangle.
20.
True because distance between centre (origin) and Q(6,8) is greater than its radius. i.e., 5
21.
Let A(-2,-3), B(1,6) is divides by P in ratio 1:2.

⇒ \(P\left( \frac { 1\times 1+2(-2) }{ 1+2 } ,\frac { 6\times 1+2(-3) }{ 1+2 } \right) \)
⇒ P\((\frac{1-4}{6},\frac{6-6}{3})\)
⇒ P(-1,0)
22.
Since point P(1,0) is equidistant from Q(3,s) and R(s, -3).
∴ |PQ| = |PR|
⇒ \(\sqrt { ({ 3-1) }^{ 2 }+({ s-0) }^{ 2 } } =\quad \sqrt { ({ s-1) }^{ 2 }+({ -3-0) }^{ 2 } } \)
Squaring both sides, we have
⇒ 4+s2=s2+1-2s+9
⇒ 2s=6
⇒ s=3
Hence, the value of s is 3.
23.

P divides the joining of A and B in ratio 1:4.
The coordinates of P are \((\frac {6+4}{1+4}, \frac{7+8}{1+4})\) i.e., P(2,3).
Q divides the joining of A and B in the rario 2:3.
The coordinates of Q are \((\frac{12+3}{2+3}, \frac{14+6}{1+4})\) i.e., Q(3,4).
R divides the joining of A and B in the ratio 3:2.
The coordinates of R are \((\frac{18+2}{3+2},\frac{21+4}{3+2})\), i.e., R(4,5).
24.
Yes
25.

AB = \(\sqrt { { (3-0 })^{ 2 }+(\sqrt { 3 } -0)^{ 2 } } \) = \(\sqrt{9+3}\) =\(\sqrt {12}\) = 2\(\sqrt{3}\)
∴ Side of equilateral △ = 2\(\sqrt{3}\) units
Area of equilateral △ = \(\frac{\sqrt 3} {4}\) (Sides)2
=\(\frac {\sqrt {3}} {4} \times (2\sqrt {3})^{2} = 3{\sqrt{3}}\) sq.units
26.
( )
positive, negative
27.
( )
an algebraical
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