International tourism is the movement of people outside the country for various reasons like pleasure, medical treatment, business etc.

Mathura - Uttar Pradesh
Barauni - Bihar
Panipat - Haryana

These connect the remote areas to other parts of the country, making travelling easier. These help to access difficult terrain and help in trade.

This means of communication like newspapers, radio, TV and even films along with entertainment present the various national programmes and policies before a large number of people. They provide knowledge about the various social and economic problems confronted by the country. This creates awareness among the people and helps in forming public opinion.

Three important networks of pipeline transportation in India are:
(a) From oilfields in Upper Assam to Kanpur in Uttar Pradesh, via Guwahati, Barauni and Allahabad. It has branches from Barauni to Haldia, via Rajbandh to Maurigram and Guwahati to Siliguri.
(b) From Salaya in Gujarat to Jalandhar in Punjab via Viramgam, Mathura, Delhi and Sonipat. It has branches to connect Koyali in Gujarat, Chakshu and other places.
(c) Gas pipeline from Hazira in Gujarat to Jagdishpur in Uttar Pradesh via Vijaipur in Madhya Pradesh. It has branches to Kota in Rajasthan, Shahajahanpur, Babrala and other places in Uttar Pradesh. The pipelines have played a significant role in the development of refineries like Barauni, Mathura, Panipat at far inland locations, away from producing areas to cater to the demand of the inland markets. The development of gas-based fertilizer plants in agricultural regions away from petroleum-producing areas has also been possible due to pipeline transport.

The Northern Plains with their vast level land, high population density and rich agricultural resources provide the most favourable condition for the growth of railways. Hence, the Northern Plains have the densest network of railways in India.

International trade has undergone a sea change in the fifteen years. Exchange of commodities and goods have been superseded by the exchange of information and knowledge. India has emerged as a software giant at the international level and is earning large foreign exchange through the export of information technology.

The state Public Works Department (P.W.D)

Varanasi and Kanyakumari

Central Public Works Department

The headquarters for the South-Eastern Railway and Eastern Railway are at Kolkata.

New Delhi is the busiest railway junction in Northern India.

Kerala has the highest density of roads in India.

Airways are the fastest, more comfortable and prestigious mode of transport in recent times. They can easily cross over geographical boundaries and vast stretches of seas and oceans. Airways can negotiate difficult terrain like high mountains, dissected terrain, dreary desert and dense forests with great ease, within short period of time. Fast international travel between countries of the world has been possible because of the development of airways. Airways play a vital role during natural and man-made calamities like floods, famines, earthquakes, epidemics and war. They help in rescue operations and provide relief to the people in affected area within a short time. Two merits of airways are:
(a) It is the fastest mode of transportation. Thousands of kilometers are covered within a few hours.
(b) It is the most comfortable mode of transportation.
One demerit of airways is the costliness of transportation because of which it is out of the reach of common people.

Pipelines are used for the transportation of crude oil, petroleum products and natural gas. The merits of pipeline transportation in India are as follows.
(a) Pipelines help in the growth of refineries, petrochemicals, fertilizer factories and big thermal power plants by providing raw materials directly from the producing areas to the factories and plants.
(b) Pipelines can take petroleum and natural gas to places far off from the oil and gas fields. They help in the setting up of refineries in far off inland locations to cater to the demands of inland markets. The refineries of Barauni, Mathura and Panipat were possible due to the development of pipelines.
(c) The initial cost of laying the pipelines may be high but subsequent running costs are nominal.
(d) Pipelines transport petroleum and natural gas directly from the producing areas to demand areas. Hence, they rule out  trans-shipment losses and delays.

Five major problems faced by road transport in India are:
Road network is inadequate as volume of traffic and passengers is more.
Many roads are unmetalled which limits their usage.
Roads are congested in cities.
Quality of roads is poor (potholes)
Less roads to connect villages to cities.