Isobilateral (Monocotyledonous) Leaf

Structure: -
1. Epidermis is composed of single layer of cells. 
2. Stomata are present on both surfaces of leaf.
3. Mesophyll is not differentiaited into palisade and spongy parenchyma.
4. In grasses, certain adaxial epidermal cells along the veins modify themselves into large, empty, colourless cells. These are called bulliform cells. When the bulliform cells in the leaves have absorbed water and are turgid, the leaf surface is exposed. When they are flaccid due to water stress, they make the leaves curl inwards to minimise water loss.
5. The parallel venation in monocot leaves is reflected in the near similar sizes of vascular bundles (except in main veins) as seen in vertical sections of the leaves.
Differences between Dicot and Monocot Leaf

The description of gynoecium in various plants.
(i) Carples Monocarpellary /bi carpellary/ tricarpellary/tetracarpellary /multi-capillary
(ii) Cohestion Apocarpous/Syncarpous
(iii) Overy Superior/semi-inferior/inferior.
(iv) Placentation Marginal/axile/parietal/basal/free-central/superficial.
(v) Style Terminal/lateral/gynobasic/stylopodium
(vi) Stigma number,shape-simpe,lobed,capitate,branched.

Cells containing chlorophylls compose the mesophyll in leaves.

Stomatal opening, guard cells and companion cells.

Two main type of roots is tap root and adventitious root.Taproot develops from radicle of the embryo,e.g., pea,gram, etc. Adventitious root develops from ant part of the plant other than the radicle.,e.g., wheat,rice,etc.

Pulvins is the swollen leaf base. It is found in some plants belong to Legumins e.g. pea,bean etc

Dicot leaves have parallel venation e.g. Corymbium,Calophyllum,Eryngium Monocot leaves have reticulate venation e.g Smilax,Colocasia,Dioscorea.

Differentiate between reticulate venation and paralleel venation are

The velamens atre spongy tissues, which help epiuphytic roots in absording atmospheric water vapours.

Root branches develop from the interior of the parent root. This orgen is called endogenous.

Tap roots of some plants become fleshy due to storage of reserve food. The main root stores extra food whereas secondary roots are thin and are involved in absorption of minerals from the soil. The swollen roots occur in different shapes.

The scutellum observed in a grain of wheat or maize is comparable to the cotyledon part of the seed in other monocotyledons.

Monadelphy refers to a condition where all the stamens in a given flower are fused to form a single bundle. The androecium in China Rose is monadelphous.

Differences between meristematic tissues and permanent tissues

As the stem continues to increase in girth due to the activity of vascular cambium, the outer cortical and epidermis layers get broken and need to be replaced to provide new protective cell layers. Hence, sooner or later, another meristematic tissue called cork cambium or phellogen develops, usually in the cortex region. Phellogen is a couple of layers thick. It is made of narrow, thin-walled and nearly rectangular cells. Phellogen cuts off cells on both sides. The outer cells differentiate into cork or phellem while the inner cells differentiate into secondary cortex or phelloderm. The cork is impervious to water due to suberin deposition in the cell wall. The cells of secondary cortex are parenchymatous. Phellogen, phellem, and phelloderm are collectively known as periderm. Due to activity of the cork cambium, pressure builds up on the remaining layers peripheral to phellogen and ultimately these layers die and slough off.

Differentiate between recemose inflorescene and cymose inflorescene are

(ii)  Differentiate between apocarpous and syncarpous ovary is

The inflorescence is how the flowers are arranged on the flowering axis. During the flowering season, the vegetative apex of the stem gets converted into a floral meristem. Based on whether the floral axis continues to grow or ends in a flower, the inflorescence is classified into racemose and cymose. In racemose inflorescence, the floral axis continues to grow and produces flowers laterally. On the other hand, in a cymose inflorescence, the main axis terminates into a flower. Hence, it is limited in growth.
Growth : Indefinite (race mose) and definite.
Number of branches : Cymose, uniparous, biparous, multiparous
Pedicel : Presence or absence of pedicel in inflorescene.
Branching of peduncle : Unbranched and branched.
Sex of flowers : Certain types have unisexual flowers. e.g, Catkin.

Flower is a modified shoot consisiting of a highly reduced stem bracnch to form thalamus in which the nodes are borne only towards the trip. The floral parts, i.e. sepals,petals,stamens and carpels are arranged in their respective whorls and arise from  nodes.