Minerals cannot be passively absorbed by the roots. Two factors account for this:
1.Minerals are present in the soil as charged particles (ions) which cannot move across cell membranes and
2.The concentration of minerals in the soil is usually lower than the concentration of minerals in the root

In leaves of herbs, when transpiration is nil during night, root pressure results in collection of water droplets on leaves. This phenomenon is called guttation

The shrinkage of cell membrane, away from the cell wall, in plant cells is called plasmolysis. This happens when water moves out of the plant cell.

Movement of water molecules through semi-permeable membrane, from high water potential to low water potential is called osmosis.

Movement of substances over long distance is called translocation.

Transpiration is the phenomenon of water loss due to evaporation through stomata.

Under condition of limited water supply, plants manage to carry on metabolic activities such as photosynthesis, growth and movements, etc, by maintaining high rate of transpiration

Difference between mass flow and diffusion are 

In a girdled plant, when water is suplied to the leaves above the girdle, leaves may remain green for the sometime because leaves can synthesis their own food through photosynthesis, they will due to non-availability of water and ultimately die as there is no photosynthesis in absence of water.

Two functions of turgor pressure are
(i)Helps in the movement of plants
(ii) Also aids in enlargement of cell

Difference between exosmosis and endosmosis are

The cohesion and adhesion of the water molecules alone create pressure of about 350 atm, which alone are responsible for conducting water to great heights in tall trees without breaking the water column.On the other hand, all forces such as imbibition pressure, and root pressure have been found to create pressure of only 50 atm.

Porins are the proteins that form huge pores in the outer membranes of the plastids, mitochondria and some bacteria. The porins mainly allow the molecules upto the size of small proteins to pass through or they facilitate the process of diffusion

Factors affecting the rate of diffusion are 
(i) temperature
(ii) pressure
(iii) gradient of concentration
(iv) permeability of membrane