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Published on: 04/09/2019
Linear Inequalities
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1.
A person was not feeling well, so he went to a doctor. Doctor on examination found that his temperature varies between 30oC to 35oC.What is the range of temperature in degree Fahrenheit? Do you think his temperature is normal? If not, what is normal temperature of body in Fahrenheit? Does he need medical attention?
Use conversion formula, F = \(\frac { 9 }{ 5 } \) C + 32
2.
The longest side of a triangle is 3 times the shortest and the third side is 2 cm shorter than the longest side. If the perimeter of the triangle is atleast 61cm. Find the minimum length of the shortest side.
3.
In drilling world's deepest hole it was found that the temperature T in degree Celcius x km below the Earth's surface was given by T (x) = 30 + 25(x - 3), where 3 \(\le \) x \(\le \) 15. At what depth will the temperature be between 155o C and 205o C?
4.
Solve \(|3-4x|\ge 9\).
5.
Solve the linear inequality 3x - 5 < x + 7, when x is a whole number
6.
Solve 3x + 8> 2, when x is an integer.
7.
Find all pairs of consecutive odd positive integers, both of which are smaller than 18, such that their sum is more than 20.
8.
How many litres of water will have to be added to 1125 litres of the 45% solution of acid so that the resulting mixture will contain more than 25% but less than 30% acid content?
9.
Solve the inequalities graphically - 5x +4y \(\le\) 20, x \(\ge\) 1, y \(\ge\) 2
1.
Given that, 30 < C < 35 ......(i)
and F = \(\frac { 9 }{ 5 } \) C + 32 \(\Rightarrow \) F - 32 = \(\frac { 9 }{ 5 } \) C \(\Rightarrow \) C = \(\frac { 5}{ 9 } \)(F - 32)
On putting the value of C inequality (i), we get
30 < \(\frac { 5}{ 9 } \)(F - 32)< 35 \(\Rightarrow \) 30\(\times \frac { 9 }{ 5 } \)<\(\frac { 5}{ 9 } \)(F - 32 ) \(\times \) \(\frac { 9 }{ 5 } \)< 35 \(\times \) \(\frac { 9 }{ 5 } \) [multiplying by \(\frac { 9 }{ 5 } \) on each term]
\(\Rightarrow \) 6 \(\times \)9
\(\Rightarrow \) 54 + 32
\(\Rightarrow \) 86 < F < 95
Thus, the required range of temperature is between 86oF and 95oF.
His temperature is not normal. Normal temperature of body is 98 o6 F. So, he need medical attention.
2.
Let the length of the shortest side of the triangle be x cm.
Then length of the longest side =3x cm.
Thus the length of the third side =(3x−2) cm.
Since the perimeter of the triangle is at least 61 cm,
x+3x+(3x−2) ≥ 61
⇒7x−2≥61
⇒7x≥61+2
⇒7x≥63⇒x≥9
Thus the minimum length of the shortest side is 9 cm.
3.
Let at s km below the Earth's surface, the temperature is between 155oC and 205oC.
\(\therefore \) 155 < T(s) < 205
\(\Rightarrow \) 155 < 30 + 25(s - 3)< 205
Ans. 8< s < 10
4.
Use \(|x|\ge a\Longrightarrow x\ge a\) or \(x\le -a\)
(\(-\infty\) \(\frac { -3 }{ 2 } \)] \(\cup \) [3, \(\infty \))
5.
We have, 3x - 5 < x + 7
\(\Rightarrow \) 3x -5 + 5 < x + 7 + 5 [adding 5 on both sides]
\(\Rightarrow \) 3x < x + 12
\(\Rightarrow \) 3x -x < x + 12 - x [Subtracting x from both sides]
\(\Rightarrow \) 2x < 12
\(\Rightarrow \) \(\frac { 2x }{ 2 } \) < \(\frac { 12 }{ 2 } \)
\(\Rightarrow \) x < 6
Now if x is a whole number, then the solution set {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
6.
{-1, 0, 1, 2, 3,...}
7.
(11, 13), (13, 15), (15, 17)
8.
Let x litres ofwater be added to 1125 litres of 45% acid solution.
Then total quantity of mixture = (1125 + x) litres
\(\frac { 45 }{ 100 } \times 1125+0\times \frac { x }{ 100 } >\frac { 25 }{ 100 } \times \left( 1125+x \right) \) and \(\frac { 45 }{ 100 } \times 1125+0\times \frac { x }{ 100 } <\frac { 30 }{ 100 } \times \left( 1125+x \right) \)
Combining the above inequations, we get
\(\frac { 25 }{ 100 } \times 100\le \frac { 2025\times 100 }{ 4(1125+x) } \le \frac { 30 }{ 100 } \times 100\)
\(\Rightarrow\) \(25\le \frac { 50625 }{ 1125+x } \le 30\)
\(\Rightarrow\) \(25\le \frac { 50625 }{ 1125+x } \) and \(\frac { 50625 }{ 1125+x } \le 30\)
\(\Rightarrow\) 28125 + 25x \(\le\) 50625 and 50625 \(\le\)33750 + 30x
\(\Rightarrow\) 25x \(\le\) 22500 and 30x \(\ge\) 1687.5
\(\Rightarrow\) x \(\le\) 900 and x \(\ge\) 562.5
\(\Rightarrow\) 562.5 \(\le\) x \(\le\) 900
9.
The given inequality 5x +4y \(\le\) 20
draw the graph of the line 5x + 4y = 20

table of values satisfying the equation 5x +4y = 20
| x | 4 | 0 |
| y | 0 | 5 |
Putting (0,0) in the given inequation, we have 5 x 0 +4 x 0 \(\le\) 20 \(\Rightarrow\) 0 \(\le\) 20, which is true
\(\therefore\) Half plane of 5x +4y \(\le\) 20 is towards origin
Also the given inequality ix x \(\ge\) 1
Draw the graph of the line x = 1
Putting (0,0) in the given inequation, we have 0 \(\ge\) 1 which is false
\(\therefore\) Half plane of x \(\ge\) 1 is away from origin
the given inequality is y \(\ge\) 2
Draw the graph of the line y = 2
Putting (0,0) in the given inequation, we have 0 \(\ge\)2, which is false
\(\therefore\) half plane y \(\ge\) 2 is away from origin
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