Clouds are bad conductors. So, heat of the Earth's atmosphere is not conducted out.

AI, Cu, Ag

30 - 0.5 x 80 = -10⁰C

The fall in temperature of a body per unit distance is called the temperature gradient

The sugar absorbs heat energy from the tea and hence temperature of the tea decreases

\(\frac { 9 }{ 5 } \times 60+32=140^{ 0 }F\)

At the critical point, water and water vapours are equally dense

Density of a solid decreases as it is heated (i.e., as its temperature rises) as per following relation: p / = p(1 - \(\gamma \).\(\triangle\).T), where p = density of given solid at temperature T and p' = density of given solid at temperature (T + \(\triangle\).T).

Woolen fibres enclose a large amount of air in them. Both wool and air are bad conductors of heat. The small coefficient of thermal conductivity prevents the loss of heat from our body due to conduction. So, we feel warm in woolen clothes.

The temperature of pockets formed by coals are not appreciably different from the surface temperature of glowing coals.
However, the pockets formed by coals act as cavities. The radiations from these cavities are black body radiations and so have maximum intensity. Hence, the pockets appear brighter than the glowing coals.

A monoatomic has three degrees of freedom, while a diatomic gas possesses five degrees of freedom. Therefore, molar specific heat of a diatomic gas (at constant volume).
\({ C }_{ v }=\frac { f }{ 2 } R=\frac { 5 }{ 2 } R=\frac { 5 }{ 2 } \times \frac { 8.31 }{ 4.2 } =5cal\ { mol }^{ -1 }{ K }^{ -1 }\)
In the given table, all the gases are diatomic gases and for all of them (except chlorine), the value of C_v is about 5 cal mol^-1K^-1 .
The slightly higher value of C_v for chlorine is due to the fact that even at room temperature, a chlorine gas molecule possesses the vibrational mode of motion also.

The potential energy of water at the top of the fall gets converted into heat kinetic energy at the bottom of the fall. When water hits the ground, a part of its kinetic energy gets converted into heat which increases its temperature slightly.

\(13.47\times { 10 }^{ 3 }Kg\quad { m }^{ -3 }\)

588.2^o C

Explanation,
1. There are two important temperature scales, Celsius and Fahrenheit used in the world.
2. There is a point on both scales where the temperatures in degrees are equal.
3. This is -40° and -40°.
Celsius and Fahrenheit,
Celsius is directly proportional to Fahrenheit.
1. This says that with the increase in the temperature on the Celsius scale, its Fahrenheit temperature equivalent temperature will also rise.
2. When the temperature on the Celsius scale decreases, its Fahrenheit temperature equivalent temperature will also be low.
3. Multiply the °C temperature by 1.8 Add 32 to this number. This is the answer in °F
4. The Celsius freezing point of water is 0°C and its boiling point is 100°C
5. 100°C-0°C=100°C between water's freezing and boiling points.
Conversion of Celsius to Fahrenheit is F = 9/5 C + 32
Conversion from Fahrenheit to Celsius is C = \(\frac{5}{9}(F-32)\)
Step 1: Given
Both celcius and fahrenheit have same temperature.
Let the temperature = x
Step 2: Formula used.
The formula as given is C/100 = \(\frac{(F-32)}{180}\)
Step 3: Calculation
We want to know the point at which the temperatures are the same, so let's call that temperature 
\( \text { or, } \frac{x}{100}=\frac{(x-32)}{(180)} \)
\( \text { or, } x=\frac{100 *(x-32)}{180} \)
\(\text { or, } x=\frac{50 *(x-32)}{90} \)
\(\text { or, } x=\frac{5 \times(x-32)}{9} \)
\(\text { or, } x=\frac{5 x-5 \times 32}{9} \)
\(\text { or, } x=\frac{5 x}{9}-\frac{(5 \times 32)}{9} \)
\(\text { or, } x=\frac{5 x}{9}-\frac{160}{9} \)
\(\text { or, } 9 x=5 x-160\)
\(\text { or, } 9 x-5 x=-160 \)
\(4 x=-160 \)
\(x=-40 \)
Hence, at -40°C and -40°C temperature are Celsius and Fahrenheit equal.