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Published on: 16/09/2019
Congruence of Triangles
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1.
ABC is an isosceles triangle having side \(\overline { AB } \)= side \(\overline { AC } \). If AD is perpendicular to BC, prove that D is the mid-point of \(\overline { BC } \)

2.
In an isosceles ΔABC, show that the, bisector of its vertical angles bisects the base at right angles.
3.
In an isosceles ΔABC,AB = AC. Show that angles opposite to the equal sides are equal.
4.
In the given figure, two triangles ΔABC and ΔPQR are given. Examine whether the triangles are congruent.
5.
If ΔPQR and ΔSQR both are isosceles triangles on a common base QR such that P and S lie on the same side QR. Are ΔPSQ and ΔPSR congruent? Which condition do you use?
6.
In the following figures, measures of some parts of the triangles are indicated. By applying SAS congruence rule, state the pair of congruent triangles .

7.
What is the side included between the ㄥA and ㄥB of ΔABC?
8.
If Δ ABC ≅ ΔBCA Write the parts of ΔBCA that correspond to \(\bar { QR } \).
9.
If Δ ABC ≅ ΔBCA Write the parts of ΔBCA that correspond to ㄥQ
10.
If Δ ABC ≅ ΔPOR under the correspondence ABC ↔️ PQR write all the corresponding congruent parts of the triangles.
11.
You want to show that ΔART ≅ ΔPEN.
If it is given that ㄥT = ㄥN and you are to use SAS criterion rule, you need to have

(a) RT =
(b) PN =
12.
In the given figures, measures of some parts of triangles are given. By applying RHS congruence rule, state which pairs of triangles are congruent? In case of congruent triangles, write the result in symbolic form.

13.
In the given figure, measures of some parts are indicated. By applying ASA congruence rule, state which pairs of triangles are congruent? In case of congruence, write the result in symbolic form.

14.
If ΔDEF ≅ ΔPQR, then corresponding congruent part(s) of the triangle is ㄥE
15.
If ΔDEF ≅ ΔPQR Write the part(s) of ΔPQR that corresponds to ㄥF
1.
In \(\triangle \)ABD and \(\triangle \)ACD, we have \(\angle ADB=\angle ADC\) \([\because AD\bot BC]\)
side \(\overline { AD } \)=side \(\overline { AD } \) [common]
Hypt.\(\overline { AB } \)=Hypt.\(\overline { AC } \) [Given]
:. Using RHS congruency, we get \(\triangle \)ABD \(\cong \)\(\triangle \)ACD.
\(\Rightarrow \)Their corresponding parts are equal
\(\therefore \) BD=CD
\(\Rightarrow \)D is the mid-point of BC
2.
Given: A triangle ABC
such that AB = AC.
Bisector of ㄥA is AD.
To prove: ㄥADB = ㄥADC=90° and \(\overline { BD } =\overline { CD } \)
Proof: In \(\triangle \)ADB and \(\triangle \)ADC, We have
\(\overline { AD } =\overline { AD } \)
ㄥBAD=ㄥCAD
[\(\because \) AD is the bisector of ㄥBAC]
\(\overline { AB } =\overline { AC } \) [Given]
\(\therefore \)\(\triangle \)ADB ≅\(\triangle \)ADC [SAS congruency]
\(\Rightarrow \) Their corresponding parts are equal.
\(\therefore \quad \overline { BD } =\overline { CD } \)
i.e. the side BC is bisected at D.
Also ㄥADB =ㄥADC
But ADB and ADC form a linear pair.
\(\therefore \)ㄥADB +ㄥADC=180°
ㄥADB+ㄥADB=180°
\(\Rightarrow \) 2ㄥADB=180°
\(\Rightarrow \)\(\angle ADB=\frac { 180^{ \circ } }{ 2 } \Rightarrow \angle ADB={ 90 }^{ \circ }\)
i.e. AD \(\bot \)BC
Hence AD is the perpendicular bisector of BC.
3.
Given: A ΔABC in which \(\overline { AB } =\overline { AC. } \)
To prove:\(\angle B=\angle C\)
Construction: Draw AD 丄 BC
Proof: In right ΔADB and right ΔADC, we have
side AD = side AD [Common]
Hypt. AB = Hypt. AC [Given]
⇒ ΔADB ≅ΔADC [RHS congruency]
\(\therefore \)Their corresponding parts are equal.
⇒ ㄥB=ㄥC

4.
In the given triangles.
ΔABC and ΔQPR
AB = QP= 3·5
AC= QR = 5·1
BC= PR = 7·1
So there exists S.S.S. congruency.
Hence, ΔABC ≌ ΔQPR
5.
Here, according to the question, the figure is as follows

From figure, we see that
\(\overline { RP } = \overline { QP } ,\overline { RS } =\overline { QS } \)
and \(\overline { SP }=\overline { SP } \) [common]
So, by SSS congruence criterion ΔPSQ and ΔPSR are congrunet to each there.
6.
In ΔABC and ΔPQR, we have
AB = 3.5 cm and PQ = 3.5 cm, so AB = PQ
AC = 3.5 cm and PR = 3.5 cm, so AC = PR
LA=60° and LP=60°, so ㄥA = ㄥP
Hence, two sides and an angle in ΔABC and ΔPOR are equal. Therefore, the two triangles are congruent.
∴ ΔABC ≅ ΔPOR
7.
In the following figure, clearly, the side included between ㄥA and ㄥB is \(\bar { AB } \).

8.
If ΔPOR ≅ ΔBCA, then corresponding congruent parts of ΔBCA \(\bar { QR } \leftrightarrow \bar { CA } \).
9.
If ΔPOR ≅ ΔBCA, then corresponding congruent parts of ΔBCA ㄥQ ↔️ ㄥC
10.
All the corresponding congruent parts of ΔABC and ΔPOR are
\(\angle A ↔️ \angle P, \angle B ↔️ \angle Q, \angle C ↔️ \angle R\) , and \(\overline { AB } \leftrightarrow \overline { PQ } ,\overline { BC } \leftrightarrow \overline { QR } ,\overline { CA } \leftrightarrow \overline { RP } \).
11.
We know that, if two sides and the angle included between them of a triangle are equal to two corresponding sides and the angle included them of other triangle, then the triangles are congruent by SAS
congruence rule.
Here, ΔART ≅ ΔPEN and ㄥT = ㄥN
So, by SAS congruence rule,
(a) RT = EN
(b) PN = AT
12.
In ΔPQS and ΔPRS, ㄥPSQ = ㄥPSR = 90°
Hypotenuse PQ = Hypotenuse PR = 3 cm
PS = PS [common]
Therefore, by RHS congruence rule, two triangles are congruent. The correspondence is P ↔️ P, Q ↔️ R,
S ↔️ S.
In symbolic form, ΔPQS ≌ ΔPRS
13.
In ΔPQR and ΔMNL,
ㄥR = ㄥL = 60° [given]
RQ= LN = 6 cm [given]
ㄥQ = ㄥN = 30° [given]
Therefore, by ASA congruence rule, two triangles are congruent.
The correspondence is P ↔️ M, Q ↔️ N and R ↔️ L.
In symbolic form, ΔPQR ≅ ΔMNL
14.
ㄥE ↔️ ㄥQ
15.
If ΔDEF ≅ ΔPQR, then corresponding congruent part(s) of the triangle is ㄥF ↔️ ㄥR
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