Our environment is changing because of our increasing needs. We are, therefore, modifying and at times even destroying our natural surroundings.

Biosphere is a narrow zone of Earth where land, water and air interact for supporting of lives.

The lithosphere is the outermost solid surface of the Earth which made up of rocks and minerals and covered by a thin layer of soil.

An ecosystem is a system which is formed by the interaction of living and non-living things. They are connected by the transfer of energy and materials.

Ecosystem is a system formed by the interaction of all living organisms with the physical and chemical factors of the environment in which they live, all linked by transfer of energy and materials.
All plants, animals and human beings depend on their immediate surroundings. This relation between the living organisms and their surroundings form an ecosystem. There could be an ecosystem of large rainforest, grassland, desert, mountain, lake, river, ocean and even small pond. All these components, help in the survival of life.

From the early times human beings have been interacting with the environment and they modified it according to their needs.
Early humans adapted themselves to the natural surroundings. They led a simple life and fulfilled their needs from the nature around them. But their needs kept on increasing. They became varied also. For fulfilling their needs, human beings learnt new ways to change the environment. They learnt to grow crops, domesticate animals and led a settled
life. The wheel was invented. Surplus food was produced. Barter system emerged. Transportation became faster, trade started, commerce developed and information revolution made communication easier and speedy across the world. Industrial revolution made possible and large scale production started.
In the present environment, mind-boggling variety of clothes, games, food items are purchased.
In this way human beings adapted to the environment in order to fulfil their needs